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Unraveling Eukaryotic Diversity: A Phylogenetic Journey Through Evolution

Explore the intricate world of eukaryotic diversity through a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis, uncovering the evolutionary relationships among various taxa. Discover the fascinating branching patterns and unique synapomorphies across the Eukaryota domain.

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Unraveling Eukaryotic Diversity: A Phylogenetic Journey Through Evolution

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  1. Woese et al., PNAS 1990: zakořeněné schéma tří domén

  2. Eukaryota: Rostlinně-živočišná dichotomie

  3. Konec milénia: 71 dobře popsaných taxonů bez zjevných sesterských skupin Acantharea DiphylleiaKomokiaceaPseudosporaActinophryida Diplomonadida LuffisphaeraRamicristata Alveolata DiscocelisMicrosporidiaRhodophyta Ancyromonas Ebriida MinisteriaReticulomyxaApusomonadida Ellobiopsida MulticiliaRetortamonadidaBiomyxa Entamoebidae Nephridiophagidae„Rosette agent“ Caecitellus Euglenozoa Nucleariidae SpironemidaeCarpediemonasFonticula OpisthokontaSpongomonadidaCentroheliozoa Glaucophyta OxymonadidaStephanopogon Cercomonadida Granuloreticulosa Parabasalida SticholoncheChlorarachniophyta Gymnophrea ParamyxeaStramenopiles Coelosporidium Gymnosphaerida PelobiontidaTelonema Collodictyon Haplosporida Phaeodarea ThaumatomonadidaCopromyxida Haptophyta PhagodiniumTrimastixCryothecomonas Heterolobosea PhalansteriumVampyrellida Cryptomonadida Hyperamoeba Plasmodiophorida ViridaeplantaeDesmothoracida Jakobida PolycistineaXenophyophoraDimorphida KathablepharidaPseudodendromonadida ....plus mnoho rodů s nejasnou ultrastrukturní identitou! David J. Patterson: The diversity of eukaryotes. American Naturalist 1999 micro*scope http://starcentral.mbl.edu/microscope/

  4. Nová fylogenetická struktura diversity eukaryot Simpson AG and Roger AJ, Curr Biol 2004: The real 'kingdoms' of eukaryotes.

  5. Superskupina Opisthokonta Choanoflagellata Ichthyosporea Metazoa Nuclearia Fungi - Microsporidia Fungi - Chytridiomycota

  6. Synapomorfie opisthokont:Unikátní inzerce v EF1a Steenkamp et al., Mol Biol Evol 2006

  7. Superskupina Amoebozoa Phalansterium Mycetozoa Multicilia Mastigamoebida Entamoeba Arcellinida Amoeba proteus

  8. Superskupina Excavata Trimastix Oxymonadida Diplomonadida Heterolobosea Carpediemonas Malawimonas Jakobida Euglenozoa Parabasala

  9. suspension-feeding groove: morfologická synapomorfie exkavát Dysnectes brevis (Yubuki et al. 2007) Carpediemonas membranifera (Simpson 2003)

  10. Synapomorfie spojující diplomonády a parabasalidy:horizontální transfer prolyl-tRNA synthetasy z archebakterií Andersson et al., 2005

  11. Superskupina Archaeplastida (Plantae) Chlorophyta Glaucophyta Rhodophyta Zygnematales Embryophyta

  12. Superskupina Chromalveolata Cryptophyta Kathablepharida Haptophyta Telonema Apicomplexa Phaeophyceae Oomycota Dinoflagellata Ciliophora

  13. Synapomorfie chromalveolát: unikátní paralog jaderně kódované v plastidu fungující glyceraldehyd-3-fosfát dehydrogenasy

  14. Superskupina Rhizaria Plasmodiophorida Euglyphida Cercomonadida Desmothoracida Foraminifera Polycistinea Chlorarachniophyta Acantharea

  15. „Zbylé“ linie eukaryot Collodictionida Apusomonadida Centrohelida Hemimastigophora Breviata Planomonas (dříve Ancyromonas)

  16. Rhizaria – jen další skupina chromalveolát? ML analýza, 16 proteinů Hackett et al., 2007

  17. Kořen eukaryot mezi Unikonta a Bikonta? Stechmann& Cavalier-Smith, Curr Biol 2003: The root of the eukaryote tree pinpointed

  18. Myosiny třídy II: možná synapomorfie unikont...? ...ale Naegleria je má taky!! Odronitz & Kollmar, 2007 Richards & Cavalier-Smith, Nature 2005

  19. Apusomonády asi sesterské opistokontům! Apusomonas proboscidea Bayesovská analýza, SSU+LSU+aktin+HSP90+a-tubulin +b-tubulin; Kim et al., 2006 Amastigomonas mutabilis

  20. Kořen eukaryot mezi archeplastidy a zbytkem? • RGC - rare genomic changes • – RGC_CAM • - RGC_CA • - RGC_DEL • - RGC_INS Rogozin et al., 2009

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