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South African Peacekeeping Operations Overview

Briefing the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Defence regarding South African National Defence Force participation in peacekeeping operations. Discusses current operations, issues, RSA approach, principles, types of missions, and contributions.

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South African Peacekeeping Operations Overview

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  1. PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS

  2. AIM TO BRIEF THE PARLIAMENTARY PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE ON SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL DEFENCE FORCE PARTICIPATION IN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS

  3. SCOPE • INTRODUCTION • CURRENT PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS • OPERATION MISTRAL • OPERATION ESPRESSO • OPERATION FIBRE • OPERATION MONTEGO • OPERATION CORDITE • PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS ISSUES • QUESTIONS – DISCUSSIONS

  4. INTERNATIONAL MANDATE • TWO TYPES OF UN MANDATED OPERATIONS: • UN Sponsored - organisation and funding of force structure elements determined by the UN. • UN Endorsed - International community involved but mission is not organised or funded by UN. Endorsed operations receive the blessing of the UN in the form of an appropriate UN Security Council Resolution.

  5. RSA APPROACH TO PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL PEACE MISSIONS • WHITE PAPER ON PEACE MISSIONS APPROVED BY CABINET 1998 • POINTS OF DEPARTURE: • RSA own recent history in terms of experience in peaceful resolution of conflict • Support to UN, AU and SADC intiatives • Military, civilian police and civilian resources • Participation in accordance with policy principles

  6. SIX KEY PRINCIPLES IN TERMS OF FOREIGN POLICY COMMITMENTS TO: PROMOTE HUMAN RIGHTS PROMOTE DEMOCRACY SUPPORT JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW ENHANCE INTERNATIONAL PEACE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AGREED-UPON MECHANISMS FOR THE RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS RECOGNISE AFRICA’S POSITION IN THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY ENHANCE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT THROUGH REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION RSA APPROACH TO PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL PEACE MISSIONS

  7. TYPES OF PEACE MISSIONS : PREVENTATIVE DIPLOMACY PEACEMAKING PEACEKEEPING PEACE ENFORCEMENT PEACE BUILDING HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION RSA APPROACH TO PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL PEACE MISSIONS

  8. PRINCIPLES FOR RSA PARTICIPATION CONTRIBUTIONS MUST BE RELATED TO NATIONAL INTERESTS QUALITY OF CONTRIBUTION IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN SIZE OF FORCE STRUCTURE ELEMENTS CLEAR INTERNATIONAL MANDATE REQUIRED SUFFICIENT MEANS HAVE TO BE AVAILABLE DOMESTIC MANDATE AND BUDGET VOLUNTEERISM CLEAR ENTRY AND EXIT CRITERIA REGIONAL COOPERATION AND FOREIGN ASSISTANCE RSA APPROACH TO PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL PEACE MISSIONS

  9. Operation CORDITE MILOBS to AMIS Operation MONTEGO Staff Officers to UNMIL Operation ESPRESSO MILOBs and Staff Officers to UNMEE & OLMEE Operation FIBRE Task Force to ONUB Operation MISTRAL Specialists, Task Force and Staff Officersto MONUC CURRENT OPERATIONS

  10. OP MISTRAL SANDF FORCES DEPLOYED IN SUPPORT OF THE UNITED NATIONS MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO (MONUC) SATAF & SANDFSPECC DRC MONUC

  11. MONUC CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS • PHASES FOR IMPLEMENTATION • Phase I: Liaison (Ongoing) • Phase II: Cease Fire, Disengage (Ongoing) • Phase III: DDRRR (Ongoing) • Phase IV: Subsequent Operations

  12. MONUC PHASE 1 • FIRST STEP TO FORMAL SANDF PARTICIPATION IN PEACE MISSIONS • FORCE PREPARATION – TRAINING OF SANDF MILITARY OBSERVERS (MILOBS) IN 1999 • DEPLOYMENT OF 1 X MLO TO UGANDA (KAMPALA) ON 1 SEPTEMBER 1999

  13. SANDF STAFF OFFICERS AND UN MILOB’s • CAPITAL LIAISON OFFICER (KAMPALA) • MILITARY OBSERVERS • MILITARY LEGAL ADVISERS • AERO MEDICAL EVACUATION COORDINATING OFFICER • MILITARY INFORMATION OFFICER • ENGINEER CELL OFFICER • MEDICAL TRAINING OFFICER • AIR OPERATIONS OFFICER • COMMUNICATION OFFICER • ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING OFFICER • TRAINING WARRANT OFFICER

  14. MONUC PHASE II : MISSION OF SANDF SPECIALIST CONTINGENT (SANDFSPECC) • PROVIDE AERO MEDICAL EVACUATION CAPABILITY FOR EVACUATION TO LEVEL 4 (1 MIL HOSP) • PROVIDE AIRFIELD CRASH RESCUE AND FIRE FIGHTING CAPABILITY AT KINDU (INITIALLY AT KINSHASA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT) • PROVIDE AIR CARGO HANDLING CAPABILITY AT VARIOUS AIR AND RIVER PORTS • PROVIDE MILITARY POLICE CAPABILITY AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS • COMMAND AND SUPPORT TO OWN FORCE STRUCTURE ELEMENTS

  15. GROUPING AREA STRENGTH EFFECTIVE STRENGTH NON EFFECTIVE STRENGTH APPROVED STRENGTH MONUC HQ KINSHASA 13 13 0 25 CCSU KINSHASA 31 31 0 20 AMET KINDU 6 5 1 6 ACRFFT GOMA 14 13 1 14 ACHT VARIOUS BASES 48 48 0 48 MPA VARIOUS BASES 48 48 0 48 TOTAL 160 158 2 161 SANDFSPECC: PERSONNEL STRENGTH

  16. SANDF CONTRIBUTION TO MONUC PHASE IIIACCEPTED BY THE UN ON 16 JAN 03 • TASK FORCE HEADQUARTERS • INFANTRY BATTALION : • 4 X INFANTRY RIFLE COMPANIES • 1 X INFANTRY SUPPORT COMPANY • ENGINEER SQUADRON • CONSTRUCTION CAPABILITY • FERRY UNIT • WELL DRILLING CAPABILITY • MILITARY POLICE UNIT • HEADQUARTERS SUPPORT UNIT • LEVEL 1 MEDICAL FACILITY

  17. GROUPING AREA EFFECTIVE STRENGTH NON EFFECTIVE STRENGTH APPROVED STRENGTH TF HQ KINDU - BUKAVU 96 4 100 INF BN VARIOUS BASES 834 16 850 HQ SUPP GP KINDU 92 8 100 MIL POL KINDU 4 12 16 ENGR COY KINDU – VARIOUS BASES 162 13 175 FERRY UNIT KINDU 16 - 16 WELL DRILLING UNIT BUNIA 12 - 12 TOTAL 1 216 53 1269 SA TASK FORCE : PERSONNEL STRENGTH

  18. SANDF CONTRIBUTION TO MONUC PHASE III • SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1493 DD 28 JUL 03 • MANDATED TASKS : • to protect United Nations personnel, facilities, installations and equipment • to ensure the security and freedom of movement of UN personnel • to protect civilians and humanitarian workers against threats of physical violence • to contribute to the improvement of the security conditions in which humanitarian assistance is provided

  19. OP ESPRESSO SANDF FORCES DEPLOYED IN SUPPORT OF THE UNITED NATIONS & AFRICAN UNION MISSIONS IN ETHIOPIA & ERITREA MILOBS ERITREA & ETHIOPIA UNMEE OLMEE

  20. UN / AU MISSION AREA PLACE STRENGTH UNMEE SECTOR WEST SHILALO 1 SECTOR WEST HUMERA 1 SECTOR CENTRAL ADI QUALA 1 SECTOR CENTRAL ASMARA 4 SECTOR EAST ASSAB 1 OLMEE SECTOR WEST - - SECTOR CENTRAL ASMARA 3 SECTOR EAST - - ETHIOPIA ADDIS ABABA 1 TOTAL 12 ESPRESSO: PERSONNEL STRENGTH MONUC OLMEE

  21. OPERATION ESPRESSO * SENIOR MILITARY ADVISOR * ASSITANT MILITARY ADVISOR * ORDERLY DRIVER * MILITARY OBSERVER * GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) OFFICER * OPERATIONS DUTY OFFICER * ENGINEER CELL OFFICER * MILITARY OBSERVER SHILALO ASMARA * MILITARY OBSERVER * MILITARY OBSERVER ADI QUALA HUMERA ADDIS ABABA * MILITARY OBSERVER * CHIEF CAPITAL LIAISON OFFICER ASSAB UNITED NATIONS MISSION IN ETHIOPIA AND ERITREA UNITED NATIONS MISSION IN ETHIOPIA & ERITREA

  22. OPERATION ESPRESSO : COMMENTS • DEPLOYED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION • PROVIDE FOLLOWING : • Military Observers • Engineer Cell Warrant Officer • Operations Staff Officer • Military Observer Staff Officer • PROVIDE MILITARY COMMAND TO AFRICAN UNION MISSION IN ERITREA

  23. OPERATION FIBRE SANDF FORCES DEPLOYED IN SUPPORT OF THE UNITED NATIONS MISSION IN BURUNDI (ONUB) SA BATTALION BURUNDI ONUB AMIB

  24. OPERATION FIBRE • SANDF PROTECTION AND SUPPORT DETACHMENT (SAPSD) : 31 OCT 01 – 30 APR 03 – VIP PROTECTION AND SUPPORT – 701 PERS • SA BATTALION (SABATT) : IN SUPPORT OF AFRICAN UNION MISSION IN BURUNDI (AMIB) : 01 MAY 03 – 31 MAY 2004 – VIP PROTECTION AND INFANTRY – 1600 PERS • SA BATTALION (SABATT): IN SUPPORT OF THE UNITED NATIONS MISSION IN BURUNDI (ONUB) : 01 JUNE 2004 – 850

  25. GROUPING AREA EFFECTIVE STRENGTH NON EFFECTIVE STRENGTH APPROVED STRENGTH ONUB HQ BUJUMBURA 11 1 12 INF BN VARIOUS 787 63 850 AVIATION BUJUMBURA 24 - 24 MIL POL BUJUMBURA 21 - 21 ENGR COY BUJUMBURA 71 - 71 FORCE HQ COY BUJUMBURA 50 - 50 SPECIAL FORCES BUJUMBURA 44 2 46 MARITIME BUJUMBURA 25 1 26 VIP PROTECTION BUJUMBURA 348 - 348 TOTAL 1 381 67 1 448 SA CONTINGENT : PERSONNEL STRENGTH

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