490 likes | 558 Views
The Periodic Table. The Periodic Table. The Table in General. Columns Called groups Elements in a group have similar chemical and physical properties As you go from top to bottom elements get larger Atoms get larger in size. Smallest Element #1. Largest Element #114.
E N D
The Table in General • Columns • Called groups • Elements in a group have similar chemical and physical properties • As you go from top to bottom elements get larger • Atoms get larger in size
Smallest Element #1 Largest Element #114
The Table in General • Rows: (Periods) • First elements very active solids • Last element non reactive gas
Rows: (Periods) Reactive Metallic Solid Non-Reactive Non-Metallic Gas
The Table in General • Rows: (Periods) • Get less reactive as you move from left to right • Atoms become less metallic left to right
Rows: (Periods) More Reactive More Metallic Less Reactive Less Metallic
Color all these elements one color and add it to your key One electron in the valence shell Soft less dense metals Most reactive of all metals React violently with water to form bases Never found free (alone) in nature Found in soap, salt, baking soda 1. Alkali Metals
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
2. Alkaline Earth Metals • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Two electrons in the valence shell • Harder, higher melting point and more dense than Alkali • Also highly reactive • Never found free in nature
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
3 – 12 Transition Elements • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • One or two valence electrons • Good conductors of heat and electricity • Higher melting point than either of the first two families • Some are hard and brittle • Combine with oxygen to form oxides • Form brightly colored compounds
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
Rare Earth Elements • Color all these elements one color label their names and add it to your key • 1st row Lanthanide Series: Soft, malleable, high luster, great conductors, used to make alloys (mixed with other elements to gain more desirable properties than the element alone) • All elements have very similar properties
Rare Earth Elements • Color all these elements one color label their names and add it to your key • 2nd row Actinide Series: All but three are synthetic (man made) • Best known are Uranium and plutonium which are used as nuclear fuels
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ ___________ ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
3 Periodic Table Questions • What are rows called? • What are columns called? • List 2 of the 4 families discussed yesterday
13 Boron Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Three electrons in the valence shell • Aluminum is the most abundant metal in earth’s crust
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
14 Carbon Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Four electrons in the valence shell • Forms organic compounds (contains carbon) • Tin resists oxidation and corrosion • Oxidation means to combine with oxygen • Corrosion means destruction by chemical reaction • Lead is very dense and poisonous
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
15 Nitrogen Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • 5 electrons in the outer shell • Nitrogen : Most abundant element in earths atmosphere • Phosphorus: Match tips • Arsenic: rat poison
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
16 Oxygen Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • 6 electrons in outer shell • Oxygen: Very reactive, combines with most other elements, supports burning • Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium: brittle, make variety of compounds
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
17 Halogen Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Seven electrons in the valence shell • Name comes from two Greek words, Halo Gens, this means- Salt Producing. • Most chemically reactive non-metals • Never found free in nature • As gases form diatomic elements ex: F2, Cl2 • Combine with metals to form salts ex: NaCl= table salt
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
18 Noble Gases • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Full Valence (outer electron) shell, He 2 electrons the rest 8 electrons • Do not combine with other elements under normal circumstances • He- balloons, Ne- signs, Ar- fill in windows, Xe- photographic lamps, Rn- Treats cancer
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family Noble Gases 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
Hydrogen- All alone • Color this element one color and add it to your key • One valence electron • Properties are not like any other group • Highly reactive • Highly combustible • Colorless, gas at room temperature
Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family Noble Gases 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series
Metalloids: Draw the step ladder & identify the metalloids (use spots) • Draw in the step ladder and mark the Metalloids.
Non-Metal: Identify the non-metals (use stripes) • Mark the Non-Metals
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines _________________________ • Horizontal rows________________________ • Most elements are _______________________ • Elements on the zigzag are __________________ • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows________________________ • Most elements are _______________________ • Elements on the zigzag are __________________ • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are _______________________ • Elements on the zigzag are __________________ • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are __________________ • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts Halogens • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts Halogens • Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts Halogens • Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses • First row that is pulled out Lanthanide Series • Second row that is pulled out _________________
Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts Halogens • Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses • First row that is pulled out Lanthanide Series • Second row that is pulled out Actinide Series
1. Element Chlorine Element Example Cl 2. Symbol 35.453 3. Atomic Mass 17 4. Atomic number 17 5. Family 6. Period 3
1. Element __________________ 2. Symbol___________________ 3. Atomic Mass________________ 4. Atomic number______________ 5. Family____________________ 6. Period____________________ 6