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The French revolution and napoleon

The French revolution and napoleon. Chapter 23. The french revolution begins. Section 1. Causes of the French Revolution. Old Regime. The social and political system in use in France in the 1770s Has been in place since the Middle Ages. Estates. First and Second

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The French revolution and napoleon

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  1. The French revolution and napoleon Chapter 23

  2. The french revolution begins Section 1

  3. Causes of the French Revolution

  4. Old Regime • The social and political system in use in France in the 1770s • Has been in place since the Middle Ages

  5. Estates • First and Second • Make up only 2 percent of the population

  6. Third Estate • Third • Make up 98 percent of the population • Bourgeoisie • Group that most strongly embraced the ideals and principles of the enlightenment

  7. Why did people of the third estate revolt?

  8. Tax System • Third Estate • Paid almost all of the taxes

  9. King Louis XVI • Called the Estates General to meet for the first time in 175 years • Why? • Proposed taxation of the Second Estate • Main issue at meeting • How many votes each state would get

  10. Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyes • Spokesman for the Third Estate (Not a member) • Recommended that it’s delegates should name themselves the National Assembly • Suggested that they pass laws and make reforms in the name of the French people

  11. Tennis Court Oath • A pledge by the Third Estate to continue meeting (after they were forced to find a new meeting place) until they had drawn up a new constitution.

  12. Bastile Day • July 14, 1789 • A mob stormed the prison looking for gunpowder

  13. Louis XVI • Called up mercenary troops • Caused the widespread emotional reaction called the Great Fear

  14. What events signified the end of the absolute monarchy and the beginning of representative government

  15. Revolution brings reform terror Section 2

  16. Declaration of the rights of man • Stated that “men are born and remain free and equal in rights”

  17. Olympe de gouges • Wrote a strong response to “A Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen” • Did not give the same rights to women that it gave to men

  18. National Assembly • Lost support of many French peasants • Took away the Catholic Church’s lands and independence

  19. Legislative Assembly • Name of the government body that replaced the National Assembly

  20. Factions • Right wing • Describes the most conservative members of the Legislative Assembly • Left wing • Describes the most radical members of the Legislative Assembly

  21. Émigrés • Refers to the nobles who fled France but still hoped to restore the monarchy

  22. San-culottes • Radical group • Named for the style of breeches its members wore

  23. Jean-Paul Marat • Radical revolutionary • Fatally stabbed by another revolutionary

  24. Guillotine • Invented to further humane goals • Often used in contradiction to such goals • Who was safe during the Reign of Terror? • No one

  25. Maximilien Robespierre • Claimed it was possible to build a “republic of virtue” • Came to be known as the Reign of Terror

  26. Committee of Public Safety • Imposed the Reign of Terror

  27. Robespierre • Forced from power by fellow revolutionaries

  28. National Convention • Put an end to the Reign of Terror • Out of fear for their own safety

  29. Why do you think the reign of terror occurred and went on as long as it did?

  30. What might have caused the French people to embrace Napoleon as emperor so soon after fighting a revolution that rid them of a king?

  31. Napoleon’s empire collapses Section 4

  32. Continental System • Napoleon’s attempt to make Europe more self-sufficient • Britain’s reaction • Organized it’s own blockade

  33. Describe Napoleon’s invasion of Russia in 1812. Why was it so unwise

  34. What events led to Napoleon’s downfall?

  35. Defeats • Napoleon • Defeated by King Frederick William III of Prussia and Czar Alexander I of Russia • Exiled to Elba

  36. Elba • Napoleon escapes • Gathers volunteers and seizes power from King Louis XVIII

  37. 100 Days • Napoleons last bid for power • Ended with his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo

  38. The Congress of vienna Section 5

  39. Congress of Vienna • Main goal of participants • Establish security and stability for the nations of Europe

  40. Prince Klemens von Metternich • Foreign minister of Austria • Most influential leader at the Congress of Vienna

  41. Congress of Vienna • Accomplishments • Reinstating the royal families dethroned by Napoleon • Creating a balance of power among European nations • Surrounding France with strong neighboring countries

  42. Holy Alliance • Russia • Austria • Prussia

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