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Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution

Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution. D. Maldonado. George Orwell (1903-1950). Eric Blair Educated at private schools Resulted in hating the class system disapproved of Communism a socialist Communism was not pure socialism because: gulf in society control of the peasants

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Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution

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  1. Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution D. Maldonado

  2. George Orwell (1903-1950) • Eric Blair • Educated at private schools • Resulted in hating the class system • disapproved of Communism • a socialist • Communism was not pure socialism because: • gulf in society • control of the peasants • Hypocritical • used his writings to communicate a political message

  3. Orwell and Satire • Orwell was a socialist as well as a satirist • Orwell became a critic of capitalism and communism • Animal Farm is a Fable, a Satire, and an Allegory

  4. Fable • - A short story that has a moral and has animals as characters • Brainstorm: Fables?

  5. Satire • -The use of ridicule to attack ideas/failures/evil action • Brainstorm: Satirical cartoons?

  6. Modern Examples

  7. Allegory • emblem: a visible symbol representing an abstract idea • uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor

  8. Wall-E as an Allegory “Allegorically, two metallic robots and a tiny green plant growing out of a discarded shoe appear prophetic, perhaps hyperbolically representing the concept of love for another, the necessity for community and the fragility of the balance of nature.”

  9. Why an Allegory? • Provides for a greater audience • Easy way to spread a complex idea to the masses • Less “in your face” type of persuasion; provides a way to talk about something without REALLY talking about it • To understand how Animal Farm is an allegory, you must have knowledge of the Russian Revolution.

  10. RussianRevolution – How is Started • Czar Nicolas Romanov II • absolute power • huge social gulf between the peasants and the land owner and the elite • peasants and workers begin rebelling against the Czar in 1905

  11. TheRussianRevolution 1917-1945 • Czar Nicholas II (Monarch of Russia) -surrendered power after a complicated civil war • His family was in rule for three centuries • Very small portion of people owned everything • Alexander Kerensky became Premier and was soon ousted

  12. BolshevikPower • Vladimir Lenin was leader • gained control in 1917 • had the Romanov family murdered in 1918 • wanted Communism

  13. RussianRevolutionLeaders • Vladimir Lenin based his theories on Karl Marx • German philosopher and the writer of “The Communist Manifesto” • Lenin became sick • Four People bode for power • Joseph Stalin • Gregory Zinoviev • Leon Trotsky • Lev Kamenev

  14. Communism • Comes from the root word of “community” • Equal distribution of wealth and possessions among Russia’s citizens • Karl Marx is “The father of communism”

  15. AboutLenin: • Led Bolsheviks • Used the Red Guard to stop others from taking over Russia, then used it to take over Russia himself

  16. Lenin • New Economic Policy- allowed for limited private ownership of land and business • Renamed his party the Communist party in 1917 • Named Russia to Soviet Union in 1922

  17. MoreaboutLenin… • Named Joseph Stalin Secretary General • 1922- Lenin suffers paralyzing strokes • 1924- Lenin dies • Stalin and Trotsky struggle for power

  18. RussianRevolutionPower • Joseph Stalin built his power behind the lines • Leon Trotsky: Was popular/charismatic, and famous for his speeches • Stalin leads an alliance against Trotsky and becomes Dictator of Russia

  19. StalinWins! • Stalin out-maneuvers Trotsky and gains control • Stalin starts to isolate Trotsky within the party because he is a threat

  20. LeonTrotsky • Gifted speaker and writer • Political genius • Tried to end Russian involvement in WWI • Great thoughts and plans but had trouble actually installing them • Not liked by Lenin

  21. Life under Stalin • Terrorized country with widespread arrests and executions • Anyone thought to be opposed to Stalin and Communism was executed on the spot

  22. “Reign of Terror” • 1934 “great purges” and “show trials” • Sent millions to Soviet labor camps • 2-7 million innocent citizens are murdered • Employed KGB to repress any opposition • Used publications to report statistics inaccurately in his favor

  23. SecretPolice • Created secret police force KGB and later known as the NKVD. Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria

  24. Stalin’s Plan • First “Five Year Plan” • attempt to make Russia a modern industrial state • “comrades” need to work harder so Soviet Russia can be a beacon of hope to workers everywhere Poster: encourages Soviet people to work together and promote industrialization.

  25. Stalinin Power • 1933 Second “Five Year Plan”- emphasized rapid growth of Soviet Industry • this worked fairly well, by the end Soviet Russia was a formidable world power

  26. CultOfPersonality • A cult of personality or personality cult arises when a country's leader uses mass media to create a larger-than-life public image through unquestioning flattery and praise. • Think: Kim Jong-il

  27. SecretAgreement • “German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact”: secret agreement between Stalin and Hitler • Neither country would attack each other

  28. Liar! • Hitler lied! • 1941- Germany fully attacks Russia!

  29. Stalin’sRuleAgainstTrotsky • After Stalin came to power, he wanted Trotsky out • Trotsky was banished three times from three places • 1st : Expelled from Moscow • 2nd: Expelled from the Communist Party • 3rd: Expelled from Russia in 1936 • Trotsky fled to Mexico in 1936 • He was assassinated by Stalin’s orders in 1940

  30. Blame Trotsky • During Stalin’s rule: • Russia’s economic system failed • Violence, fear, and starvation occurred throughout the country • Trotsky was blamed for it all • Those who were associated with Trotsky were executed • In all, over 20 million citizens were purged (killed, imprisoned, or severely made to change)

  31. StalinDies • Stalin ruled as absolute dictator throughout WWII and until his death on March 5th, 1953. • Theory on how he died: • 1.Poisoned with warfarin (rat poison) • 2. Stroke or brain hemorrhage

  32. Allegory in Animal Farm • Farmer Jones – Czar, Aggressive & Brutal • Old Major – Karl Marx; philosopher • Snowball – Lenin; democracy and industrialism • Napoleon – Stalin; controlling, terrorism • Squealer - propaganda

  33. Allegory in Animal Farm • Beasts of England – Song of Rebellion • Windmill – Industrialization; hope that things will improve/life will get easier • Dogs – Secret Police (KGB); kill enemies and enslave those who threaten ruling class • Pigs – government (“smarter” than everyone else) • Boxer – proletariat (working class); loyal & hardworking • Mollie – upper class; lazy elitist • Moses – Russian Orthodox Church (heaven = Sugar Candy Mountain) • Benjamin – Older generation; things never change

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