FUNDAMENTALS UNIT 1

1. FUNDAMENTALSUNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO NURSING IDENTIFY PATIENT AS A PERSON PATIENT’S ENVIRONMENT

2. What is Nursing? • Nurses save and improve lives as front line members of the health care delivery team. They independently assess and monitor patients, and taking a holistic approach, determine what patients need to attain and preserve their health. Nurses then provide care and, if needed, alert other health care professionals to assist. Thus, nurses coordinate care delivery by physicians, nurse practitioners, social workers, physical therapists and others. Nurses assess whether care is successful. If not, they create a different plan of action.

3. Nursing as a whole • Nursing is an art, science, and a spirit of unselfish devotion to a cause primarily concerned with helping others who are physically, mentally, or spiritually ill. • The main goal of nursing is to return the patient to society in or as near normal state as possible. Do not set goals for your patient that are unattainable.

4. NURSING MAIN OBJECTIVES • Return to society in or near normal state as possible • Meet personal care as patient needs • Provide individuality & privacy • Assist maintaining physiologic functions • Protect from further injury or disease • Observe, report & record accurately

5. THE L.P.N. • Provides nursing care under supervision of RN or physician

6. TOTALPATIENTCARE • We strive for total patient care in nursing. • Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease

7. TOTAL PATIENT CARE • PHYSICAL • MENTAL • SPIRITUAL • EMOTIONAL • SOCIAL

8. Nursing THEORY • Theory is defined as "a belief, policy, or procedure proposed or followed as the basis of action". • Nursing theory is "an organized framework of concepts and purposes designed to guide the practice of nursing".

9. PRINCIPLE • BASED ON OBSERVATIONS • PROVEN FACT • TRUTH • GOVERN NURSING PRACTICE

10. REGULATION DIRECTIVE POLICY

11. NURSING MEASURE • PLANNED SEQUENCE OF ACTIONS that help the patient meet basic needs • ACTIONS AND PERFORMANCE of nurse to care for the patient

12. NURSING PROCEDURE • A METHOD OF DOING SOMETHING

13. GUIDELINES FOR NURSING PROCEDURES • WASH HANDS before and after patient contact • DEFINE THE NURSING MEASURE, have a clear idea of what you are doing • UNDERSTAND THE PURPOSE (why are you doing this for this patient?)

14. GUIDELINES (CONT.) • RECALL PERTINENT DATA to perform more effectively (think about your patient) • REVIEW THE SEQUENCE of things needing to be done for this task • ASSEMBLE ALL EQUIPMENT needed to perform task

15. GUIDELINES (CONT.) • EXPLAIN the PROCEDURE to the patient and/or family BEFORE STARTING • PREPARE THE ENVIRONMENT (bed height, lighting, etc) • PREPARE THE EQUIPMENT (do you have everything you need?)

16. GUIDELINES (CONT.) • Assure PRIVACY for your patient • STAY WITH PATIENT as much as possible during procedure/exam being performed • patient & EQUIPMENT CARE (return it/dispose of it, tidy up patients room)

17. GUIDELINES (CONT.) • Chart all pertinent data (record time, treatment, pt tolerance of procedure/exam, and results of procedure/exam • ASK FOR HELP! Don’t pretend that you know • PERFORM THERAPEUTICLY, SAFELY, COMFORTABLY & EFFICIENTLY.

18. THE PATIENT AS A PERSON

19. RELATIONSHIPS • 3 TYPES • PERSONAL-what you share with your friends and family • IMPERSONAL-what you share with a clerk at the store • THERAPEUTIC-focus directed toward the patient to promote health and healing • PROFESSIONAL BOUNDARIES-know them!

20. ROLE OF THE NURSE • PROVIDER OF PHYSICAL CARE • OBSERVER, RECORDER, REPORTER of patients condition • TEACHER-educate the patient • EMOTIONAL SUPPORT PROVIDER

21. PATIENT’S RIGHTS & RESPONSIBILITIES

22. BILL OF RIGHTS • 1972 AHA • DECISION MAKING BASIS • ALL HAVE EQUAL RIGHTS • GENDER IDENTITY

23. RIGHT TO CONFIDENTIALITY • PRIVACY IS PROTECTED • HIPAA • INFORMATION WILL PROVIDE EFFECTIVE MEDICAL / DENTAL CARE & TO DEVELOP TREATMENT GUIDELINES

24. PATIENT RESPONSIBILITIES • BE AN ACTIVE PARTICIPANT AND COOPERATE WITH CARE • IT IS REASONABLE TO REQUEST: • Accurate and complete information • Be responsible to understand diagnosis and treatment • Follow the treatment plan • Be responsible for their actions • Report changes in their condition • Keep appointments • Meet financial obligations related to healthcare

25. PATIENT ENVIRONMENT

26. TEMPERATURE68 – 72 DEGREES

27. HUMIDITY40-50%

28. VENTILATION

29. ODORS

30. NOISE

31. LIGHT

32. CLEANLINESS

33. PRIVACY

34. STIMULATION

35. PATIENT UNITThings found in the patient’s room • BED • OVERBED TABLE • BEDSIDE TABLE • CLOTHING STORAGE • Furniture • Call light

37. BEDMAKING ADVANTAGES TO MAKING A BED CORRECTLY: • SAVES TIME • EASIER TO ACCOMPLISH OTHER PROCEDURES • SAFER FOR PATIENT • COMFORTABLE • PROTECTS THE NURSE • NEAT & PLEASANT LOOK

38. LINENS USED • BOTTOM SHEET • DRAW SHEET • BED PAD • TOP SHEET • BEDSPREAD • PILLOW CASE

39. HANDLING LINENS • WASH HANDS • LINENS NOT RETURNED TO CLOSET • FALLEN LINENS DISCARDED • NOT NEXT TO UNIFORM

40. HANDLING LINENS • AVOID TRANSFER OF PATHOGENS WHEN REMOVING • DO NOT SHAKE • KEEP CLEAN & DIRTY SEPARATE • AVOID SMOOTHING

41. TYPES OF BEDS • CLOSED -no patient is assigned • OPEN -ready to receive the patient • OCCUPIED -patient is in the bed • UNOCCUPIED -patient not in bed • SURGICAL OR POST-OP -ready to receive a patient after surgery