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Understanding Human Anatomy: Body Terms and Planes Demystified

Explore the fundamental terms and planes of human anatomy including orientation, directions, body cavities, and sections to deepen your understanding of the human body structure and organization.

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Understanding Human Anatomy: Body Terms and Planes Demystified

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  1. Anatomy Terms Orientation and Direction

  2. Superior – towards head • Inferior (caudal) – towards the lower part of a body part • Anterior (ventral) – front • Posterior (dorsal) – back • Medial – toward the midline of the body • Lateral – Away from the midline • Intermediate – between a more medial and lateral position (center)

  3. Proximal – Closer to the origin of the body part • Distal – closer to the end of the body part • Superficial – Toward the body surface • Deep – Away from the body surface

  4. Body Planes, Sections, and Cavitites

  5. Body planes • Body is 3D • Can be split into three planes • Sagittal • Coronal • Transverse

  6. Sagittal Plane • Plane splitting the body into two parts (left and right) • Sagittal section is a cut made longitudinally along the body • If it splits into two equal parts = midsagittal

  7. Coronal Plane • Plane which splits body into anterior and posterior section

  8. Transverse Plane • Separates body along horizontal plane • Also called a cross section • Will divide an organism into superior and inferior parts

  9. Body Cavities

  10. Cavities • Opening within body which protects internal organs, and allows transfer of materials/information • 2 Divisions • Dorsal • Ventral

  11. Dorsal Cavities • Made up of two smaller cavities • 1) Cranial Cavity – holds and protects brain • 2) Spinal Cavity – column which runs through vertebra and protects spinal chord

  12. Ventral Cavities • Divided into two smaller cavities • 1) Thoracic – chest area (holds heart, lungs, and diaphragm) • 2) Abdominopelvic – lower torso (holds digestive and reproductive organs) • Subdivided into abdominal and pelvic cavity.

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