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Agenda – February 11/12

Agenda – February 11/12. Notes – Hearing Homework – complete webquest Quiz on structures of the ear next class!. The Ear: Hearing & Equilibrium. There are 3 major sections of the ear:. Outer Ear Structure. Auricle (a.k.a. pinna) - Allows one to

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Agenda – February 11/12

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  1. Agenda – February 11/12 • Notes – Hearing • Homework – complete webquest • Quiz on structures of the ear next class!

  2. The Ear: Hearing & Equilibrium • There are 3 major sections of the ear:

  3. Outer Ear Structure • Auricle (a.k.a. pinna) - • Allows one to • Since the pinnae face forward, one can hear sounds best that are • Interestingly, dogs and other mammals have large, movable pinnae that let them focus on sounds from all directions • Lined with glands that secrete

  4. Middle Ear • The tympanic membrane vibrates at different rates dependent • Higher-pitch sound waves move the drum • Louder sound moves the drum • The tympanic membrane is connected to Normal & Ruptured Tympanic Mebrane

  5. Middle Ear • Ossicles - • Oval Window • The stirrup pushes up against the window to http://www.boystownhospital.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/Flash/normal.swf

  6. Middle Ear • Pharyngotympanic Tube (a.k.a. • Connects • Maintains • Allows • Usually flattened and closed, but • This is important because the eardrum will not vibrate unless pressure on both of its surfaces is the same

  7. Inner Ear • Maze of • Divided into 3 main regions: semicircular canals cochlea vestibule

  8. Cochlea • Within the cochlea is the • When the fluid is set into motion, • High pitched sounds distort shorter, stiffer fibers • Low pitched sounds affect longer fibers • Once stimulated, the hair cells transmit electrical impulses along the cochlear nerve to the

  9. Anatomy of the Ear – Label the Structures

  10. Summary of the Hearing Process • Specific hair cells are stimulated based on different frequencies of vibration. • Hair cells transmit impulses along cochlear nerve to auditory cortex of temporal lobe http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-c5GpoD8wI

  11. Hearing Loss: Two Types

  12. Hearing Loss: Two Types • Conduction deafness: results when an • Causes: clogged with wax, thickening of tympanic membrane, eardrum rupture, fusing of ossicles (otosclerosis) • Treatment: • Sensorineural deafness: caused by • Causes: aging, loud sounds, some infections • Treatment:

  13. Cochlear Implants • A cochlear implant interprets and creates its own electrical signals for sound, bypasses the ossicles & cochlea, and stimulates the auditory nerve to carry the impulse to the brain.

  14. Ear Infections • External Ear Infection – • Causes: • Treatment: • Prevention:

  15. Ear Infections • Middle Ear Infection • Causes: • Common in children because • Treatments:

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