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WHII.6c English Civil War & Glorious Revolution. Rights of Englishmen. Political democracy rests on the principle that government derives power from the consent of the governed In other words, the people have to voluntarily give power to the government in order for it to rule.
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Rights of Englishmen • Political democracy • rests on the principle that government derives power from the consent of the governed • In other words, the people have to voluntarily give power to the government in order for it to rule.
Rights of Englishmen • Foundations of English freedoms included: • Magna Carta (1215) • Limits the king’s power • Creates “Rule of Law” • No one is above the law, not even the king • Common law • Laws apply to all people • Trial by jury • Other rights – property, speech, press, etc.
English Civil War • Puritans in Parliament trying to take power from king • Charles I leads troops into Parliament to arrest members • English Civil War beings • Kings/nobles v. Parliament/Puritans • Parliament led by Oliver Cromwell • Puritan member of the Parliament
English Civil War • Parliament wins • Charles I executed → • Parliament can’t decide on a new government • Cromwell takes over & makes himself dictator • People don’t like his strict rule • Cromwell dies & Charles II becomes king • Development of political parties / factions
Glorious Revolution • “bloodless” revolution • Exchange of power without war • William & Mary take the throne • Increase of Parliamentary power over royal power • English Bill of Rights (1689)