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Empires of China and India. The Fall of the Zhou Dynasty. Eventually, Zhou rulers began to decline. The Zhou kingdom divided into several smaller territories. 403 B.C. – Civil war broke out. Qin Shi Huangdi. The Qin dynasty crushed rivals and eventually took control.
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The Fall of the Zhou Dynasty • Eventually, Zhou rulers began to decline. • The Zhou kingdom divided into several smaller territories. • 403 B.C. – Civil war broke out.
Qin Shi Huangdi • The Qin dynasty crushed rivals and eventually took control. • They were led by Qin Shi Huangdi who proclaimed himself “First Emperor”.
To keep migratory invaders from invading Chinese settlements from the North • He built the Great Wall as a line of defense
The Great Wall • 25 feet high topped with a brick road. • 100,000 worked for years on it. • Eventually went thousands of miles. • Did not actually keep invaders out.
Great Wall became an important symbol to Chinese - dividing and protecting their civilized world from nomads.
Collapse of Qin dynasty • Shi Huangdi died in 210 BC. • Liu Bang (peasant) founded Han dynasty and defeated rival armies.
Confucionism • Belief that humans are good, not bad • Respect for elders • Code of politeness • Emphasis on education • Ancestor worship
Goal: To have a structured society. Confucianism is both a religion and a philosophy of China, and of Asia as a whole. It stresses human conduct over belief in God.
Taoism Lao Tzu • Teaches humility and to live a simple life with inner peace. • Values harmony with nature. • To be one with nature • Goal to gain balance in life
Yin and Yang • Symbol that represented opposites for Confucianism and Taoism.
Civil Service System exam - officials got position on merit rather than family background. • Passing the exam meant you obtained a government job which was prestigious. • Women did not take the exam.
Broke up after 400 years of unity. • Warlords overthrew the last Han emperor and China, once again, broke up into several kingdoms.
Achievements • Wrote books on zoology, chemistry, and botany. • Acupuncture. • Most technologically advanced civilization - made paper and porcelain.
Define these Words • Huang He 11. Calligraphy • Silk Road • Mandate of Heaven • Feudalism 12. Go to page 102 • Dynasty Answer questions 12-18 • Confucianism • Taoism • Yin Yang • Great Wall
The Mauryan Dynasty • Created by Chandragupta. • Unified much of India by building roads, harbors. • Free hospitals, veterinary clinics • Harsh, effective ruler - had secret police to report on corruption, crime, and opposing ideas.
Asoka • Chandragupta's grandson. • Continued political unification of much of India • Fought long, bloody war in which over 100,000 people died - he was shocked and decided to never war again. He converted to Buddhism and rejected violence. • He helped spread Buddhism throughout Asia.
Gupta Empire • Golden Age of Indian culture. • Contributions in Science and Mathematics. • Figured out size of moon and the concept of a round earth. • First to use system of numbers based on ten. • Among first to use zero. • Could set broken bones. • Created new textiles and literature.
