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Jump Start

Understand DNA and RNA structures through an educational journal entry covering topics such as transcription, RNA types, nucleotides, differences between DNA and RNA, and more. Explore the processes involved in genetic information transfer.

nathanwesley
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Jump Start

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  1. B A Jump Start Answer the following in your journal: • What is causing the DNA strands to separate? • Is label A pointing to the original DNA strand or the new one forming? • Is label B pointing to the original DNA strand or the new one forming?

  2. Review

  3. RNA

  4. RNA RNA =_____________________ • Structural units = nucleotides Nucleotide – 3 part: • A sugar – ribose • A phosphate group • A ________________ base

  5. RNA • ______________ Bases – name source for the nucleotides • A = adenine • U = ___________ • C = cytosine • G = guanine

  6. RNA Types 3 types of RNA: • Messenger RNA (mRNA) – ________ genetic information ______ DNA in nucleus to ________; three base sequence called a _________ • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)- makes up __________, where protein is made • Transfer RNA (tRNA)- transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome; its three base sequence is called an anitcodon

  7. Differences between…DNA & RNA • Deoxyribose Sugar • 2 strands • ____________ • Remains in nucleus Ribose Sugar 1 strand __________ _________ leave nucelus

  8. Transcription

  9. Transcription • DNA  mRNA (occurs in the _________) a. The complementary strand of RNA is built by the enzyme ____ ___________ • RNA polymerase binds to & separates the DNA strands at promoter sites • Promoter - 3 base sequence that serves as a starting and ending points for RNA to be made

  10. Transcription RNA polymerase uses one _______ of DNA as a ____________ to _______ the complementary strand of mRNA

  11. DNA contains… • __________ – nucleotide sequences that do ________ code for proteins • _________ – nucleotide sequences that do code for ___________

  12. RNA polymerase copies both introns and exons, but before mRNA leaves the nucleus… • Introns are cut out of the sequence • Exons are spliced (glued) back together to form the final mRNA

  13. mRNA travels to the ribosomes (outside of nucleus)

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