Trinidad and Tobago Country Report Prepared by: Claire Phillips Principal Statistical Officer

1. CARICOM WORKSHOP ON ENVIRONMENT STATISTICSSt. Vincent and the Grenadines 7th and 8th April 2014

2. Trinidad and Tobago Country Report Prepared by: Claire Phillips Principal Statistical Officer Agriculture Statistics DivisionCentral Statistical OfficeTrinidad and Tobago

3. Item 7: A Review of Statistics, Indicators and Metadata submitted by member Countries under the CARICOM Programme and major data gaps.

4. TOPICS • Emissions of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NM-VOCs) and • Emissions of Carbon Dioxide

5. The Environment within the Executive The Ministry with responsibility for the Environment in Trinidad and Tobago is the Ministry of Environment and Water Resources (MEWR).

6. References All information presented in the following slides were obtained from reports generated by the MEWR and from a Model Usage Training Workshop. The documents of the Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources included: • The Second National Communication of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. • Elaboration of a Strategy for the Reduction of Carbon Emissions in T&T – Summary of the Carbon Reduction Strategy Project.

7. Emissions of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NM-NOCs) • Nothing was reported on the Emissions of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds.

8. Emissions of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) • Trinidad and Tobago expects to develop and implement a carbon reduction strategy over the next 2 years, with the long- term aim of achieving significant reduction of carbon emissions. • This is consistent with The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which has the ultimate objective of stabilizing greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere.

9. Environment Programmes of MEWR • The Multilateral Environmental Agreements Unit (MEAU) of the Ministry undertakes monitoring and coordinating of national implementation of obligations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Control (UNFCCC) • The GORTT in collaboration with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) initiated a project titled “Elaboration of a strategy for reduction of carbon emissions in Trinidad and Tobago.”

10. Status of National Carbon Emissions • The First National Communication to the UNFCCC served as a baseline of the status of national carbon emissions in Trinidad and Tobago. • Most significant sources of carbon emissions nationally: The Transportation Sector, Industrial Sector and Power Generation Sector

11. Status of National Carbon Emissions • Transportation Sector • -CO2 emissions doubled from 1,313 Gg to 2,622 Gg from 1990-2006, • directly linked to the number of vehicles on the road, which increased by almost 100%over the same period. • Industrial Processes • -CO2 emissions increased by 86.7 % from 1990-2006. • Power Generation • -CO2 emissions have increased by 43.3 % between 1990-2006, from 1,736 Gg to 2,488 Gg.

12. Comparison between First and Second Reports • The Second National Communication of the Republic of T&T under the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) was released in 2013 • Produced a 2000 GHG inventory which was compared to the previous 1990 inventory • Also included trend analyses for 1990-2005/ 2006/ 2008 depending on data availability. • Results of the 2nd report reinforced the results of the First report.

13. Status of National Carbon Emissions • This report states: “The most significant challenge was access to data in useable formats to perform the necessary inventory of GHGs (Green House Gases) and assessment of vulnerability and adaptation”.

14. Carbon Reduction Strategy Project Synopsis

15. Tasks To model low carbon pathways the following must be done: • Establish a historical baseline and a reference development scenario by estimating the future evolution of greenhouse gas emissions. The reference scenario should be based on the most recent population and economic growth projections 2. Identify and quantify the greenhouse gas impacts of mitigation and sequestration measures that are aligned with national development objectives.

16. Tasks cont’d 3. Assess the costs and benefits of low carbon measures by using country specific economic data (e.g. discount rates, labor costs and energy prices) 4. Assess the impacts of uncertainties in the analysis through sensitivity analyses – particularly for capital‐intensive investments – and other analytical tools. 5. Build low carbon emission scenarios that show the aggregate effect of the various mitigation options and maintain consistency with the long‐term national development objectives.

17. Tasks cont’d • Development of strategic and policy framework for carbon reduction emissions (output 2) is scheduled to be completed by the end of this year. In March of this year MEWR held: • A Consultation with stakeholders of the relevant sectors on mitigation methods and • A Model Usage and Scenario Training session.

18. Methodology – Model Usage and Scenario Training The presentation projected carbon dioxide emissions in a BAU scenario up to 2040, using 2 scenarios of GDP growth: - An optimistic scenario and - A conservative scenario.

19. DATA SOURCES • Economic and population information: World Bank (1990 – 2012) • Economic projections: World Bank World Development Indicators, International Financial Statistics of the IMF, IHS Global Insight and Oxford Economic Forecasting (2000 – 2040) • GDP by Economic Activity: CSOTT (1990 -2012)

20. DATA SOURCES cont’d Data from the 3 main sectors with high emissions: Transport Sector : • Registered vehicles by Type (1995 – 2012) • Cars by Fuel Used (95% Gas, 5% Diesel and 1100 Compressed Natural Gas) • Fuel volumes in litres delivered to service stations Source – Ministry of Transport • Fuel Consumption – Inventory of GHG Emissions of T&T.

21. DATA SOURCES cont’d Industry Sector: • Products causing process emission: GHG Inventory of Trinidad and Tobago (1991 – 2008) Cement, Limestone, Ammonia, Methanol, Metals and Nitric Acid • Energy Consumption per source: Energy Balance of T&T • Fuels consumed in the Agriculture Sector: GHG Inventory of T&T (1990 – 2006) • Worldwide energy consumption and forecast, liquids and natural gas: U.S. Energy Information Administration (1990 – 2040)

22. DATA SOURCES cont’d Industry cont’d: • Production limits of the Industry of T&T: Cement - Caribbean Region: Review of Economic Growth and Development. U.S. International Trade Commission. Limestone - Coosal'sGroup of Companies Ammonia, Methanol and LNG: Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs Metals: National Energy Corporation of Trinidad and Tobago Limited Oil: Petrotrin Nitric Acid: GBR

23. DATA SOURCES cont’d • Historical Oil and Gas information for T&T: US Energy Information Administration (1990 – 2011) • Use of CO2 in methanol plants: Trinidad and Tobago's CO2 Inventory and Techno-Economic Evaluation of Carbon Capture Options for Emission Mitigation. Furlonge, H. et al (2008 – 2013) • New plant projects in T&T: Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs

24. DATA SOURCES cont’d Power Generation Sector: • Electricity generation sites • Electricity Output (1990 – 2012) • Electricity losses (1990 – 2012) • Energy sales forecast (2013 – 2022) • Electricity sales by rate (1990 – 2012) Source: T&TEC • Energy balances: Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs (1990 – 2012)

25. The assumption is CO2 emissions moves in conjunction with economic growth • The methodology is still being developed and is not finalized. Thank you