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Podcast 12.4 Solubility and Temperature

Podcast 12.4 Solubility and Temperature. Solubility and Temperature. Increasing the temperature of a solvent speeds up the particle movement. This causes more solvent particles to bump into the solute, resulting in solute particles breaking loose and dissolving faster. Sol. Sol. T o. T o.

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Podcast 12.4 Solubility and Temperature

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  1. Podcast 12.4 Solubility and Temperature

  2. Solubility and Temperature Increasing the temperature of a solvent speeds up the particle movement. This causes more solvent particles to bump into the solute, resulting in solute particles breaking loose and dissolving faster. S-C-9-1_Solubility Presentation

  3. Sol. Sol. To To Solids dissolved in liquid Gases dissolved in liquids As Tosolubility As To solubility • Solids are more soluble at...higher temperatures. • Gases are more soluble at...lower temperatures & • higher pressures.

  4. Solubility Curve • Graph of the solubility of a compound (grams/100 grams water on the Y-axis) at various temperatures (Celsius on X- axis). • Each compound has a different curve.

  5. gases solids Solubility vs. Temperature for Solids Solubility Curve Graph *Solubility is dependent on temperature What trends do you see on the graph? How is the solubility of gases and solids different? 140 KI 130 120 NaNO3 110 100 KNO3 90 80 HCl NH4Cl 70 Solubility (grams of solute/100 g H2O) 60 NH3 KCl 50 40 30 NaCl KClO3 20 10 SO2 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Temperature °C

  6. gases solids If you stir faster, will that make you dissolve more?No, it allows you to dissolve substances faster but not more. Increasing the temperature does allow you to dissolve more. Solubility vs. Temperature for Solids 140 KI 130 120 NaNO3 110 100 KNO3 90 80 HCl NH4Cl 70 Solubility (grams of solute/100 g H2O) 60 NH3 KCl 50 40 30 NaCl KClO3 20 10 SO2 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Temperature

  7. Solubility vs. Temperature • What term describes 39g NaCl at 70C? Saturated! • What about 30g at the same temperature? Unsaturated • What about 45g at the same temperature? Supersaturated

  8. Solubility of Sodium Acetate 150 Saturated Supersaturated solution 100 Solubility(g/100 g H2O) Unsaturated solution 50 0 25 50 75 100 Temperature (oC)

  9. Solubility Curve Characteristic of substance: • Each substance has a different maximum amount that will dissolve. • Curves for gases have a negative slope • Curves for solids have a positive slope

  10. Solubility Curves • Unsaturated Solution: • Contains less dissolved solute than the solvent can normally hold at that temperature. • Anywhere below the line of saturation

  11. Solubility Curves • Super Saturated Solution: • Solution that contains more solute than can usually be dissolved at that temperature • Anywhere above the line of saturation

  12. Example 1: At 45°C, how much potassium nitrate will dissolve in 100 g of water to form a saturated solution? Answer: 73 g

  13. Example 2: If at 60°C you put 80g of potassium nitrate in 100 g of water, what is the level of saturation for this solution? Answer: Unsaturated

  14. Example 3: How much sodium chloride is needed for a saturated solution at 75°C in 200 g of water? Answer: 80 g

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