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History of News. Why? Become a more media literate consumer of news. Learn foundational news information so you can apply it in your newspaper project (coming soon). Agenda. What ? Identify bias in the news
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Why? • Become a more media literate consumer of news. • Learn foundational news information so you can apply it in your newspaper project (coming soon). Agenda What? Identifybias in the news Learn about the history of news, types of news and the 6 key questions for a news article
Ladies and gentlemen, can I please have your attention. I've just been handed a urgent and horrifying news story, and I need all of you, to stop what you're doing and listen... Cannonball! The History of News
Origins 1st century – Romans post news sheets in town square (for free!) 16th century – Venice provides regular news sheets for a “gazetta” coin – hence the name “Gazette” 1665 – First English newspaper (Oxford Gazette) published under rule of the crown.
18th Century 1798 – Alien and Sedition Acts: restrictions about criticizing government, president, cabinet. Convicts fined and jailed. Newspapers are aimed at elite, focus on business/politics (6 cents each)
18th Century 1833 – Benjamin Day creates New York Sun (1 cent). Highlights crime, violence, murders, fires, trials, executions. 1844 – Samuel F.B. Morse invents telegraph – speeds distribution of info.
18th Century Continued 1848 – Associated Press formed – creates inverted pyramid 1865-1900 – Yellow journalism = sensational writing. Expose slums, poverty, racism, etc. Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst Edward Scripps – focused on the “plain 95%” rather than the elite 5%”
Who? What? When? Where? Why? How? Inverted Pyramid 1. Headline: short, attenion-grabbing, informative, interesting, clear, large bold letters 2. Sub-headline: Start to answer 5 Ws and H; explains headline directly under 3. Lead: One sentence that summarizes 5Ws and H; opening sentence of article 4. Details: logically relays information in neutral, natural way
Identify the parts of the inverted pyramid for the following news story. Also look for the 5 Ws (who, what, when, where, why) and H (how). READY? GO!
Autistic boy scout saves teacher’s life: A Local 10-Year-Old Boy uses Heimlich to stop teacher from choking.Kyle Forbes, 10, is no ordinary kid – most everyone will agree upon that – but now he's being honored by his school and his Scout pack for springing into action Tuesday to save his teacher's life. For Hyde Elementary School teacher Sheri Lowe, every day teaching art class now is a gift. "He saved my life," said Lowe.
1900-Present Three major changes Objectivity – New York Times: dedicated to accurate information Social responsibility: Codes and ethics Jazz journalism : bold headlines, pictures, stunts (sensational writing), reflects roaring 20s. Currently: Specialized
I'm gonna shoot you with a BB gun when you're not looking... in the back of the head. The Business of News
Not again! Advertising I like long walks on the beach… First thing produced on the page 61% of newspaper 2 Types of ads 1. Display ads for stores, products, services 2. Classified ads for job openings, personal ads, real estate
“Newshole” The space available in a newspaper for actual news – after all advertisements have been placed Refers to news content: Writing (stories, captions) Photos Graphics (tables, data, political cartoons)
“Newshole” - Content: writing, photos, graphics News: world, national, state, local Editorials: editors of newspapers take a position on a current topic (laws, politicians, education, etc.) Opinion pieces: letters to editor Syndicated columnists: Appear in newspapers regularly
Types of News Hard News (NEED to know) Exhibits objectivity – just facts, no opinions Examples: world, national, state, local Crime and disaster: assures people that THEIR lives aren’t bad Investigative reporting: looks deeply into a situation, giving facts not previously known
Types of news continued Soft News – WANT to know Examples: sports, food, travel, science, special interest
Types of News Continued Other types or overlapping types: Newsmaker: celebrities, politicians, athletes (make news when they talk, marry, divorce, date, get DUIs, etc.) “Katy Perry Keeps Locks of Hair” Pseudo-news: fake news, non-critical, staged for shock value “Kim and Kayne Having Alien Baby!”
Types of News Continued Other types or overlapping types: Human Interest: Stories about non-newsmakers, often moving, dramatic or heroic “Teacher in Nevada Saves Student from Gunshot: Gives His Life” Sensationalism: Blown out of proportion, exaggerated “Democrats Using ‘Obamacare’ to Destroy Government, Country Doomed”
Match It Up With your partner, match each headline with the appropriate news type.
Looking ahead Tomorrow, we’ll work more closely with the pyramid and with the 5Ws and H so you can get some practice in before YOU start writing.