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Simple Ions

Simple Ions. Chpt 5 Chemical Reactivity Valence Electrons. Chemical Reactivity. How much an element reacts depends on the electron configuration of its atoms

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Simple Ions

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  1. Simple Ions Chpt 5 Chemical Reactivity Valence Electrons

  2. Chemical Reactivity • How much an element reacts depends on the electron configuration of its atoms • For example, oxygen will react with magnesium. In the electron configuration for oxygen, the 2p orbitals, which can hold six electrons, have only four: [O] = 1s22s22p4 • Neon has no reactivity. Its 2p orbitals are full: [Ne] = 1s22s22p6

  3. Octet Rule • The tendency to have either empty outer energy levels or full outer energy levelsof eight electrons is called theoctet rule. • Octet video

  4. Reactivity across Groups • The noble gases, group 18, show almost no chemical reactivity. • The noble gases have filled outer energy levels • Alkali Metals and Halogens Are the Most Reactive Elements • Whose outer s and p orbitals are not complete • React to lose or gain electrons so the outer orbital's will be full

  5. Valence Electrons • To find out how many valence electrons an atom has, check the periodic table. • For example, the element magnesium, Mg, has the following electron configuration: [Mg] = [Ne]3s2 • This configuration shows that a magnesium atom has two valence electrons in the 3s orbital

  6. Valence Electrons • The electron configuration of phosphorus, P, is [Ne]3s23p3. • Each P atom has five valence electrons: two in the 3s orbital and three in the 3p orbital.

  7. ions • an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge • An ion with a negative charge is called ananion. • An ion with a positive charge is called acation.

  8. Stable Ions

  9. Atoms compared to Ions • Having identical electron configurations does not mean that a sodium cation is a neon atom. • They still have different numbers of protons and neutrons • Ions and their Parent Atoms Have Different Properties

  10. Assignment • Finish Wordsearch • Text pg 165 # 1-13

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