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ÚEF SAV a ALICE

ÚEF SAV a ALICE. A L ARGE I ON C OLLIDER E XPERIMENT FOR THE LHC - CERN L ARGE H ADRON C OLLIDER. Ladislav Šándor Oddelenie subjadrovej fyziky Ústav experimentálnej fyziky SAV. Why heavy ions at high energies ?.

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ÚEF SAV a ALICE

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  1. ÚEF SAV a ALICE A LARGE ION COLLIDER EXPERIMENT FOR THE LHC - CERN LARGE HADRON COLLIDER Ladislav Šándor Oddelenie subjadrovej fyziky Ústav experimentálnej fyziky SAV L. Šándor

  2. Why heavy ions at high energies ? • QCD prediction on a new state of matter (QGP) formation at high enough energy density • Experiments at the CERN SPS (√sNN = 17 GeV) – observation of new collective effects (anomalous J/ysuppression, strangeness enhancements, dilepton spectra anomalies) • Experiments at the RHIC in BNL -(√sNN = 200 GeV)confirm SPS results and reveal the presence of other QGP signatures too Next natural step to higher energy (√sNN = 5.5 TeV)– building of the dedicated ion experiment for the new CERN acceleratingcomplex LHC project ALICE L. Šándor

  3. Why Slovakia in ALICE ? • Active work of Slovak physicists (both experimentalists and theorists) in heavy-ion physics for about two decades • Fruitful experience from a number of SPS experiments (NA34-Helios, WA97, NA49, NA57) • Unique potential of ALICE – the only dedicated heavy-ion experiment at LHC – for A-A, p-A and also p-p physics attracting interest of qualified teams from Bratislava and Košice to continue working in heavy-ion physics L. Šándor

  4. aéroport Genève Large Hadron Collider Aerial view with location of experiments http://lhc.web.cern.ch/lhc/ 3.8 m diameter circular tunnel circumference of ring – 27 km buried 50 to 175 m underground L. Šándor

  5. LHC experiments Colliding of two counter rotating proton or heavy-ion beams Energy of protons – up to 7 TeV per beam. Available energy in p-p reaction is √s = 14 TeV ( 7 x higher wrt Tevatron). For lead ion (Pb-Pb) collisions energy for pair of nucleons is √sNN = 5.5 TeV ( ~30 x higher wrt RHIC) Start of LHC operation : late 2009 (data collection for physics at 5TeV perproton beam starting end of October) Slovak participation L. Šándor

  6. ALICE design philosophy • General Purpose Heavy Ion Detector only one dedicated heavy-ion experiment at LHC (ATLAS/CMS will contribute, but their priority is pp physics) AGS/SPS : several (6-8) special purpose experiments RHIC : 2 large multipurpose, 2 smaller special purpose expts • cover essentially all known observables comprehensive study of hadrons at midrapidity (large acceptance, excellent tracking and particle identification (PID) state-of-art measurement of direct photons (excellent resolution & granularity EM calorimeter) dedicated & complementary systems for di-electrons and di-muons cover the full spectrum from soft(10’s MeV)to hard (100’s GeV) • stay open for changes & surprises L. Šándor

  7. ALICE experiment Main physics goals: • ultrarelativistic nucleus- nucleus collisions in extreme conditions (high pressure and energy density) • physics of the QCD vacuum • detailed investigation of new state of matter – the Quark-Gluon Plasma • general characteristics of p-p interactions in a new energy domain Total cost: ~150 MCHF Slovak contribution: 0.8 MCHF Difficult experimenting with high demands on computing Details on ALICE :http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ L. Šándor

  8. What are we going to cope with in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC ? Expected multiplicity in central Pb-Pb: dNch/dh ~ 1500 – 6000 L. Šándor

  9. ALICE collaboration ~ 25 Slovak physicists and engineers > 1000 members 90 institutions 30 countries Participating institutes: - Comenius University Bratislava, team leader : B. Sitár contribution to the TPC detector (read-out chambers) and to the DCS – the detector control system - Institute of Exp. Physics SAS, P.J. Šafárik University Košice, team leader : L. Šándor router electronics for the SPD (Silicon Pixel Detector) and contribution to the CTP - the central trigger system, radiation studies L. Šándor

  10. Silicon Pixel Detector Inner Tracking System (ITS) SSD SDD SPD Lout=97.6 cm • Two SPD layers at • r= 3.9 & 7.6 cm • Structured to 60 staves • containing 9.8 M active • pixel channels Rout=43.6 cm 6 layers, three technologies, material budget < 1% Xo per layer SPD – silicon pixel detector (0.2 m2, 9.8 Mchannels) SDD – silicon drift detector (1.3 m2, 133 kchannels) SSD – silicon strip detector (4.9 m2, 2.6 Mchannels) L. Šándor

  11. SPD readout architecture DCS DAQ VME Router C(ard PCI-MXI-II-VME JTAG, CLK, Detector Data Trigger ~100m onerouter services 6 halfstaves SPD contains 20 router boards Košice commitment (J. Bán, M. Krivda) Cost : 6 MSK (240 kCHF) L. Šándor

  12. Some important dates ... • approval of LHC ............................. 16.12.1994 • approval of ALICE experiment .......... 6.02.1997 • preliminary agreement on the router • electronics development in Kosice .... spring 1999 • workshop on ALICE SPD electronicsin Kosice, • about 20 participants from CERN, Birmingham, • Budapest, Italianlaboratories, presentation of • the SPD router project (J. Bán) ... 22-24 Nov 1999 • green light for the router electronics24.11.1999 • router production finished .............. august 2006 • installation and integration of routers in • ALICE experimental area …summer-autumn 2007 L. Šándor

  13. Inštalácia SPD L. Šándor

  14. L. Šándor

  15. ITS s vákuovou trubicou L. Šándor

  16. T D Lee, May 2004 L. Šándor

  17. T D Lee, May 2004 L. Šándor

  18. L. Šándor SQM 2008 中国·北京 · 清华大学 2008年10月 安飞德 意大利国家核物理学院（帕多瓦） 18

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