Development of a GIS Network for Pavement Management Systems

1. United Arab Emirates University Faculty of Engineering Graduation Project II Development of a GIS Network for Pavement Management Systems Group C

2. Project Objectives The Main objectives are: • Developing a scientifically sound cost effective PMS. • Using this system to evaluate pavement condition , maintenance cost and ranking the pavement section. • Supporting this system with a GIS database.

3. Introduction • Project classification. Design analyses (ABET criterion). • Distress: is any irregularity in the pavement that may effect the ride quality. • PMS: is a set of tools that help the decision makers to select the best way of M & R for a particular Pavement. • PMS is used to optimize resources.

4. Introduction • Present condition index PCI is used as an indicator of the pavement condition. • GIS is defined as a combination of layers of information that is related to a specific place. • These layers give the decision makers better understanding of the place.

5. Distresses Classified as Functional Improper drainage. Drying and wetting Structural High load repetitions. High tire pressure.

6. Samples of Pavement Distresses

7. Samples of Pavement Distresses

8. Approaches to Select M & R Alternatives • Ad Hoc • Depends on past experience. • Few M & R alternatives. • Best alternative may not be selected. • Present Condition • Depends on the exist condition. • The selected M & R will improve the pavement condition, but it may not be the most cost effective solution. • Life Cycle • Depends on the exist and future condition. • The selected M & R is the most suitable and cost effective solution.

9. Summary of Project Tasks • Literature review: Library and internet search for information about: • Pavement distresses. • PMS. • GIS. • Data collection (For three sections in Al Ain): • Distress types. • Severity. • Intensity. • Base map development (Stage 1).

10. Summary of Project Tasks • Base map development (Stage 2). • MS EXCEL sheet: • PCI. • Cost. • Spatial Data Analyses

11. Section Definition • The selected network was divided into smaller parts called sections for managerial purpose. • The entire section should have the same: • Pavement Structure. • Traffic. • Construction History. • Pavement Rank. • Drainage. • Condition. • The section dimensions are: Length = 1500 m Width = 7.5 m

12. Divide section into S U Determine number of S U to be surveyed Pavement Condition Survey & Rating Procedure Calculate the PCI Perform condition survey

13. Dividing the Section into Sample Units • The selected section was divided into sample units for the purpose of inspection. • Each sample unit should have an area of: 160 to 320 m2. • The selected dimensions of each sample unit (figure). • The total number of sample units N= 50 S U.

14. Determining the Number of units to be Surveyed • In Project level inspection the following procedure is followed: Step 1: Determine the minimum number of Sample units (n).

15. Step 2: Determine the interval. Interval = N/n = 50/13 =3.8 Interval = 3 Step 3: Select the first S U Randomly, then use the interval to select next S Us.

16. Field Inspection • Inspection sheet was used to record distress: • Type. • Severity. • Quantity.

17. Inspection Sheet

18. Distresses

19. PCI Calculation Procedure Step1: Determine deduct values. • Calculate the density percentage. • Density = (Quantity /S U Area) * 100 • Determine the deduct value form the Deduct value curves.

20. PCI Calculation Procedure Step 2: Determine the maximum allowablenumber of deducts (m). • Determine the maximum allowable number of deducts. m= 1 +(9/98)(100- HDV). • Reduce the number of deduct values to m. if the deduct values are fewer than m, then all of the deduct values should be taken. • List the deduct values in a descending order.

22. PCI Calculation Procedure Step 3: Determine the maximum number of corrected deduct value (CDV). • Determine the number of deducts >2, q. • Determine the total deduct values by adding all individual deduct values.

23. PCI Calculation Procedure • Determine the CDV form q and total deduct value for the first iteration by looking for the appropriate correction curve.

24. PCI Calculation Procedure • Set the minimum deduct value >2 to 2 in the next iteration and repeat the steps. • Select the maximum CDV form the calculated CDVs as the largest value. Step 4: Calculate PCI by subtracting the maximum CDV form 100.

26. Excel Sheet Preparation • a program was made to calculate the PCI and maintenance cost. • PCI calculation procedure was used in Excel. • The benefit of this program is to save time and effort that may spent in manual calculation.

27. Procedure • The deduct value curves for each severity level were best fitted using MS Excel .

28. Procedure • Points were taken on the curves of alligator cracking and the x and y values for each point were recorded.

29. Procedure • The relation between the density and deduct value of the curve were drawn and the equation of each severity level curve was determined.

30. Procedure • Two or more equations were determined for each curve to get accurate results. • The same steps were done to get CDV equations. Excel Sheet

31. Critical PCI Value • Critical PCI is the PCI value at which the rate of PCI loss increases with time. • Usually this value ranges form 70 to 55 .

32. Methods of M & R 1- Stop Gap It is defined as the M & R needed to keep the pavement operational in a safe condition. 2- Preventive It is defined as the M & R activities applied to the pavement to slow the rate of deterioration. 3- Major It is defined as the M & R activities applied to the entire section to improve or correct the pavement condition.

33. 1- Stop Gap • Called safety stop gap. • Applied for localized segments of pavement section. • Applied with PCI < Critical PCI.

34. 2- Preventive • Divided into two types, localized and global. • Localized applied on specific parts of the section. • Global applied on the entire section. • Applied on sections with PCI > Critical PCI.

35. 3-Major • Applied on the entire section to repair the severe distresses. • Applied on sections with PCI < Critical PCI. • Consists of Two types, full reconstruction and thick overlay. • The section PCI will resume to 100.

37. GIS Map Development • Three maps were drawn using Auto CAD. • The maps were imported to MapInfo.

38. GIS Map Development • Each sample unit were represented on the map.

39. GIS Map Development • Tables were created to store sample units data.

40. Conclusion • Tasks for this semester were completed. • The data for the three selected sections were collected. • Base map were prepared to enter distress data for each sample unit.

41. ********* **** **** ********* Thank You.