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The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table. NOTES, PART I: HISTORY AND FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE. HISTORY OF THE TABLE, PART I. The originator of the periodic table was russian chemist dmitri mendeleev (1834-1907).

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The Periodic Table

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  1. The Periodic Table NOTES, PART I: HISTORY AND FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

  2. HISTORY OF THE TABLE, PART I • The originator of the periodic table was russian chemist dmitri mendeleev (1834-1907). • He originally ordered the periodic table by increasing atomic mass, with elements havingcommon properties under each other.

  3. A copy of the first periodic table: Obviously, this is a work in progress.

  4. HISTORY OF THE TABLE, PART II • The next person to improve on the periodic table was Henry Mosley. • He had the idea to order the table based on the atomic number, instead of the mass, giving us a table much like the one we now have today!

  5. Periodic Law • When the elements are arranged in order of atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their chemical and physical properties. This is called the Periodic Law.

  6. Breakdown of the Periodic Table 1A 2A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A 3A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 • The periodic table is broken down into rows, called periods, • And columns called groups or families.

  7. Representative Elements • All of the elements found in the s-orbital and p-orbital areas are called the representative elements.

  8. Metals and Nonmetals Non- metals Metals Metal/Nonmetal Line-separates metals from non-metals on the periodic table

  9. Metals and Nonmetals, cont. • Metals have a high electrical conductivity and a high luster when clean. They are ductile and malleable. • Nonmetals are generally non-lustrous and are poor conductors of electricity. Gold is a typical metal Helium and other gases are nonmetals

  10. Metalloids • Metalloids show properties of both metals and nonmetals—they are on both sides of the metal/nonmetal line.

  11. Alkali Metals • Group 1A is called the Alkali Metals • These are the most reactive elements on the periodic table.

  12. Alkaline Earth Metals • Next to the alkali metals come the alkaline earth metals

  13. Other Metals Transition Metals Other Metals Inner Transition Metals • Other metals include transition metals, inner transition metals (a.k.a. rare earth metals) and other metals.

  14. Inner Transition Metals • Inside the inner transition metal group, there are two categories: • The Lanthanide Series, which is the top row in the inner transition metal, and the actinide series which is the second row.

  15. Halogens • Halogens are a group of reactive non-metals.

  16. Noble Gases • Noble Gases Make up the last column of the periodic table.

  17. Noble Gases • Noble gases are special because they are unreactive. This is because they have a completely full outside energy level, making them more stable than other elements.

  18. Carbon, Nitrogen,Oxygen Families O x y g e n Family N i t r o g e n Family C a r b o n Family

  19. Carbon, Nitrogen,Oxygen Families • Because of the fact that they are bisected by the metal/ nonmetal line and don’t have as many similar properties, they are more of a loose grouping. • The oxygen group also carries the name chalcogens.

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