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Using spatial technology to help solve social policy issues

Using spatial technology to help solve social policy issues. Marnie Leybourne Director, WALIS “Immediate past” President, Surveying and Spatial Sciences Institute. What are social policy issues?. Social policy: the study of social welfare and its relationship to politics and society

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Using spatial technology to help solve social policy issues

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  1. Using spatial technology to help solve social policy issues Marnie Leybourne Director, WALIS “Immediate past” President, Surveying and Spatial Sciences Institute

  2. What are social policy issues? Social policy: the study of social welfare and its relationship to politics and society Traditional areas: income support, education, health, housing, employment, social care Primary aim: to reduce inequality in society

  3. Why does social policy need help? Australian Government 2009-10 budget overview expenses (in $millions)

  4. Scary trends Australian government estimates for 2009/10 have allocated 48 per cent of the total budget to health, social security and welfare The modest increases in the forward estimates will not meet demand By 2021, 4.2 million Australians >65 years; 500,000 >85 years All projections show huge increase in disabilities, chronic health issues, etc

  5. Restructuring the welfare state Development of indicators tied to outputs of social programmes “Universal provision” versus “individual targeting” Fragmentation of service delivery – accountability on the part of government has been diminished. Jurisdictional or localised views

  6. Social • Demography • Age/sex • Culture • Disability • Religion, etc • Employment • Valuations • Pedestrians Environmental Cadastre Roads Imagery Topography Census Admin. Bdys. Locational Police Fire Ambulance SES Schools Hospitals Aged care Community Centres Icons Key buildings Sports facilities CCTV Infrastructure Electricity Sub-stations Gas Water Hydrants Sewerage Storm water Telecoms How can spatial information help? All public policy making and service delivery is spatial ‘Real World’

  7. Problems Australia does not have a well-developed policy framework for spatial targeting Funding to agencies is still based on priorities of individual departments or functional areas No well-developed SDI

  8. Location, location, location The rising concentrations of policy occurring in many postcodes highlight the winners and losers from economic prosperity, and means that where you live determines your life chances. Australian Government Treasurer, Wayne Swan, 2005

  9. Spatial analysis in social policy A long history Map produced by Dr John Snow that showed the relationship between drinking water pump site and cholera deaths in London - 1854

  10. Using spatial analysis to site new amenities Through the Shared Land Information Platform (SLIP)

  11. the Shared Land Information Platform Your Place, Your Knowledge Threatened Fauna (DEC) Wind Vectors (BoM) Geonoma (Landgate) Aboriginal Sites (DIA) Flight Paths (CASA) Roads (MR) Railway Lines (Landgate) Hydrology – Rivers & Streams (DoW Hydrology – Water Bodies (DoW) Managed Lands And Waters (DEC) Aerial Photography (Landgate)

  12. “Identifying areas of medical workforce shortage”Jessica Scott, CUCRH 2004

  13. Doctors’ residences – places of work Charles Gardner Hospital versus Fiona Stanley Hospital “GIS in Health” Grace Yun, DOH, 2008

  14. Case study Mouth and throat cancer mortality of white females, 1950-69 in the USA, by state economic area Significantly higher than average rate of mortality in mid to south-east Textile manufacturing (mills) prevalent in this area Conclusion? “Statistical perspectives on spatial social science” The 2006 Morris Hansen Lecture, National Cancer Institute, USA, November 6 Professor Michael Goodchild

  15. Professor Michael Goodchild, 2006

  16. Case study Fact: Textile mills not the cause Widespread use (in these areas) of smokeless tobacco (snuff) Policy changes included the ban of sales to minors and campaigns to stop its use Example 2 Mortality rates of trachea, bronchus and lung cancer among white males linked to occupational exposure to asbestos Professor Michael Goodchild, 2006

  17. Policies Claims Claims in affected area No claim in affected area Claims NOT in affected area Thinking outside the Source: ASIBA (now Spatial Industries Business Association - SIBA), Spatial Interoperability Demonstration Project Roadshow, 2005. 1.8

  18. Thank you

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