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The Plague in France - as chronicled by Friar Jean de Venette (d.1369)

The Plague in France - as chronicled by Friar Jean de Venette (d.1369). Relevance of Jean de Venette. A Carmelite friar – member of the Church and thus reliable commentator A witness of the plague in France (he died in 1369) Assessed social impact of the plague.

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The Plague in France - as chronicled by Friar Jean de Venette (d.1369)

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  1. The Plague in France- as chronicled by Friar Jean de Venette (d.1369)

  2. Relevance of Jean de Venette • A Carmelite friar – member of the Church and thus reliable commentator • A witness of the plague in France (he died in 1369) • Assessed social impact of the plague

  3. In the Chronicle, Venette: • Refers to the 1348 outbreak of pestilence in France and elsewhere • Reports seeing a large, stationary bright star, west of Paris, beaming rays to Paris. Star portends epidemic. • Mentions high mortality, widespread acceptance of faith, wealth of church, degeneration of social values

  4. Impact of the pestilence: Fatality and populace • Lumps erupting in armpits, groin – sign of death • High mortality in France through 1348 -1349 • Over 500 bodies a day taken in carts from Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, to the cemetery of the Holy Innocents • Plague path - originated in land of infidels to ravage Italy, Avignon, Gascony, Spain, France and Germany • Many villages and town houses stripped of their inhabitants and heirs

  5. Impact of the pestilence: Religion • No one died without a confession or receiving the last sacrament. Pope even gave confessors power to absolve sins of dying. • Dying bequeathed land and goods to Church, in absence of living heirs. • Jews accused of poisoning water sources, air - causing sudden deaths. • Jews persecuted, burnt alive. Jewish mothers threw their children into these fires, fearing forceful baptism, then jumped in too. • Wicked Christians contaminated water, too.

  6. Post epidemic • High birth rate. Twins and even living triplets born • Children cut just 20 or 22 teeth • Society turns greedy and quarrelsome • Wrongdoing, sin and ignorance flourish • Inflation despite abundant resources • Enemies of the king of France and Church stronger than ever • Charity grows cold • No spread of education, Latin. Very few educated persons alive

  7. Bibliography • Horrox, Rosemary. "Jean De Venette." The Black Death. 54-58. Print. •  "Plague in France." Google.com/images. 5 Nov. 2011. Web

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