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From Awareness to Action: Child Marriage Predictors, Hotspots, and Program Approaches

From Awareness to Action: Child Marriage Predictors, Hotspots, and Program Approaches. Outline of Presentation. Background Prevalence Consequences Reasons From Awareness to Action Predictors Hotspots Program Scan Recommendations.

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From Awareness to Action: Child Marriage Predictors, Hotspots, and Program Approaches

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  1. From Awareness to Action:Child Marriage Predictors, Hotspots, and Program Approaches

  2. Outline of Presentation Background Prevalence Consequences Reasons From Awareness to Action Predictors Hotspots Program Scan Recommendations

  3. Prevalence of Child Marriage – Top 20 Countries

  4. Child Marriage (CM): Constraints to Health & Development • Worse reproductive health outcomes • Wasted investment in development efforts

  5. Maternal Mortality by Age

  6. Infant Mortality Rates by Age of the Mother

  7. Poor Health Outcomes Outcomes • Maternal mortality • Low birth weight & prematurity • Infant mortality Reasons • Still growing • First birth • Inadequate prenatal care • Low socioeconomic status

  8. Child Marriage and Rank on Human Development Index (HDI)

  9. Reasons: Why Does Child Marriage Persist? • Gender roles • Families see girls as financial and social burdens • Lack of socially acceptable alternatives for girls • Family and community honor tied to early marriage • Reinforce ties between families and communities • Desire to protect girls • Lack of political will • Cultural norm

  10. Outline of Presentation Background Prevalence Consequences Reasons From Awareness to Action Predictors Hotspots Program Scan Recommendations

  11. Possible Predictors of CM Considered in the Multivariate Analysis • Practices programs could support to reduce CM • Primary Education • Secondary Education • Higher Education • Primary Education -- Partner • Secondary Education -- Partner • Higher Education -- Partner • Lower Age Gap Husband-Wife Factors programs could target to reduce CM • Current Place of Residence • Childhood Place of Residence • Region • Ethnicity • Religion • Polygyny • Number of Siblings • Wealth/Electricity

  12. Tipping Point Age and Median Age of Marriage

  13. Prevalence of CM by Secondary School Enrollment

  14. A Variety of Religious Affiliations Associated with Higher CM

  15. Are Regional Differences within Countries Significant?

  16. Regional Variation -- Ethiopia • 48% of CM in Ethiopia occurs in the north: • Amhara 90% • Tigray 82% • Affar 77% • Ben-Gumz 75%

  17. 5 states in India have highest percentages of child marriage: Madhya Pradesh: 73% Andhhra Pradesh: 71% Rajasthan: 68% Bihar: 67% Uttar Pradesh: 64% Regional Variation - India

  18. Regional Variation – Nigeria 71% of CM in Nigeria occurs in the north:         83% in North West         78% in North East

  19. 9 Other Countries and their Regions with High CM Prevalence

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