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U.S. History 1301

U.S. History 1301. SOAPS. S ubject – the general topic, content, and ideas contained in the text O ccasion – the setting (time/place) and current situation A udience – the group of readers to whom the piece is addressed P urpose – the reason behind the text

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U.S. History 1301

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  1. U.S. History 1301

  2. SOAPS Subject – the general topic, content, and ideas contained in the text Occasion – the setting (time/place) and current situation Audience – the group of readers to whom the piece is addressed Purpose – the reason behind the text Speaker – the voice that tells the story

  3. Pre Columbian America

  4. Asian Migration • 16,000 years ago ice sheets covered Europe and North America • Nomadic hunters from Asia crossed a land bridge searching for large game • Ice Age 25,000 B.C. – 11,000 B.C. • Most came from 13,000-11,000B.C.

  5. www.sscnet.ucla.edu/.../chicano125/map1.gif

  6. Creation Myths • The Great Turtle • People coming from openings in the earth • The Tuscarora –N. Carolina discusses movement from the land of ice to lush forest where the sun begins

  7. Later Migrations • Navajos and possibly Apache came by water around 6,000 B.C. • Last migration – the Inuits (Eskimos)

  8. Sedentary/ Nomadic • Grouped by agriculture or Hunting • Some mixture – Hunting / gatherers / Fishing

  9. Cahokia • Located near present day St. Louis • Largest City in present day U.S. • Had 20,000 – 30,000 inhabitants • Complex society – Priest, noble-warriors, and peasants who presented tribute • Great tradesmen • As city grew, the civilization declined tuberculosis, etc.

  10. people.ucls.uchicago.edu/.../cahokiapainting.jpg

  11. The Great Snake The Great Serpent Mound is a 1,330 foot long, three foot high prehistoric effigy mound located on a plateau along Ohio Brush Creek in Adams County, Ohio. Including all three parts, it extends about 1,370 feet, and varies in height from less than a foot to more than three feet.

  12. Mississippian Culture • Great empire broke down into smaller groups • Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaw, Caddoes, and Wichita's. • Lived in smaller groups, kept the mounds, tradesmen and farmers

  13. The Iroquois • A matrilineal society – women respected, man’s power comes from the mother family • A mother and her brothers raised the children • Small villages set up by clans, joined together through a loose confederation

  14. courses.pasleybrothers.com/images/seneca.gif

  15. People of the Southwest • 600 – Present Day • Hohokam, Mogollans, Anasazis – irrigated the Arizona and New Mexico drylands • Lived in large dwellings made of Adobe, with no doors; most villages had 1,000 people • Long periods of droughts led to the people to abandon the large villages and they moved into smaller versions of villages

  16. www.mesaverdecountry.com/tourism/media/images...

  17. Complex Societies in Mexico • Olmecs – 200 – 800 C.E. – could be sub-Saharan African migration • Mayans- a farming society with an elite class who lived off taxes, Astronomers, mathematicians, developed accurate calendars • Built great temples which were central to the development of their City states • Some lasted till the Spanish Invasion

  18. The Aztecs • 1325 built the great city of Tenochtitlan(city of 200,00 people) on Lake Texcoco • Adapted customs from Mayans and others • Complex society • Priest and Noble/Warriors • Communal farm land worked by freemen • Slaves and serfs worked on nobles land. The people belonged to the land • Practiced human sacrifice

  19. www.solarnavigator.net/history/explorers_hist...

  20. www.sbceo.k12.ca.us/.../tenochtitlan5.jpg

  21. California – peaceful hunters and gatherers

  22. Pacific Northwest – Tlingit imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/NGSPOD0...

  23. www.cobb.k12.ga.us/~austell/haon/buffalohunt.jpg Plains Indians – Hunters

  24. First Non Indians • Romans? • Egyptians? • Chinese? • Olmec – African descent? Carved statuary shows sub-Saharan features, always carved in obsidian

  25. http://www.geocities.com/athens/academy/8919/Image6.gif

  26. The Norsemen • Around 1000A.D. • Maybe Newfoundland – some Viking artifacts found all the way in Minnesota • Great travelers – Iceland, Russia, Sicily, Normandy, Greenland settled. • Some Irish legends discuss sailing to a western land

  27. http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/nda/img/front.jpg

  28. Why did Europe get interested in Exploration • The Crusades • The spices of the East, silks, and oranges • Marco Polo’s writings • What happened in 1454 that stopped European easy access to the East?

  29. http://www.theislamproject.org/images/crusades_final.jpg

  30. http://www.historyonthenet.com/Medieval_Life/images/feudalsystem.gifhttp://www.historyonthenet.com/Medieval_Life/images/feudalsystem.gif

  31. Portugal – a power? • Leader – Prince Henry set up a school for navigators • Circumvent the Italian/Muslim monopoly of Mediterranean trade • Search for an alternate route to Asia • 1450 rounded the curve of Africa • 1488 found Cape of Good Hope - Dias • 1498 India Vasco da Gama

  32. Prince Henry of Portugal aka The Navigator www.mrdowling.com/images/609henrynavigator.jpg

  33. http://img.search.com/thumb/d/db/Bartolomeu_dia_cape_of_good_hope.jpg/200px-Bartolomeu_dia_cape_of_good_hope.jpghttp://img.search.com/thumb/d/db/Bartolomeu_dia_cape_of_good_hope.jpg/200px-Bartolomeu_dia_cape_of_good_hope.jpg

  34. 1491 - 1492 • King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella complete Reconquista from Muslims. • Granada last remaining outpost captured • Needed to recoup fortunes and spread Christianity • Commissions Christopher Columbus to find a western route to Asia

  35. http://www.waidev2.com/php/IMAGES/HC_ThisDayInHistory/2---Image_large.jpghttp://www.waidev2.com/php/IMAGES/HC_ThisDayInHistory/2---Image_large.jpg

  36. 1492 • After 6 weeks at sea, Columbus sights land in the Bahamas • Calls the new lands the West Indies • Returns to Spain sends a large expedition to Hispaniola and establishes the first permanent European colony in the Western Hemisphere

  37. http://www.aoc.gov/images/landing_columbus.jpg

  38. The Pope divides the world

  39. John Cabot sails from England http://www.pen.k12.va.us/Div/Stafford/ses/John_Cabot.jpg

  40. Early 16th Century • Amerigo Vespucci – maps the New World • Ponce de Leon – Governor of Cuba explores Florida looking for the Fountain of Youth • Vasco Nunez de Balboa – looks for riches in Panama. Crosses the Isthmus and is the first European to view the Western Pacific • Europe now understands a new continent

  41. Hernan Cortes • The conquest of Mexico • Aztecs fall not to Spanish technology, but by European disease and years of harsh rules of the other tribes of Mexico

  42. http://www.mariner.org/exploration/mm_images/cortes_large.jpghttp://www.mariner.org/exploration/mm_images/cortes_large.jpg

  43. Francisco Pizarro Led 3 expeditions before he conquered Peru and the Inca Empire with 167 men and 67 horses. http://www.ecuadorspanish.com/images/fotos/country/inca_gold_2.jpg

  44. Protestant Reformation • Martin Luther and the 95 Theses “Our baptism consecrates us all without exception and makes us all priest” • Tired of indulgences • Henry VIII of England • John Calvin – predestination – certain people are saved from the beginning ( Puritans and Presbyterians) No luxuries

  45. http://www.kingsmeadow.com/uploaded_images/John_Calvin_2_in_Library_1-708209.jpghttp://www.kingsmeadow.com/uploaded_images/John_Calvin_2_in_Library_1-708209.jpg http://www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com/rantpix/luther95.jpg

  46. The Dutch and English challenge the Spanish at sea

  47. Jacques Cartier French explorer - claim to Canada

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