1 / 14

Social Norms and Helping

Social Norms and Helping. Norm of Reciprocity - We feel obligated to help people who have helped us. Norm of Reciprocity and Helping. Social Norms and Helping (Cont.). Norm of Reciprocity - We feel obligated to help people who have helped us.

neve-walton
Download Presentation

Social Norms and Helping

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Social Norms and Helping • Norm of Reciprocity - We feel obligated to help people who have helped us.

  2. Norm of Reciprocity and Helping

  3. Social Norms and Helping (Cont.) • Norm of Reciprocity - We feel obligated to help people who have helped us. • Qualified by Norm of Equity - The overbenefited should help the underbenefited • Norm of Social Responsibility - We should help those who need us. • Qualified by Norm of Justice - We should help those who deserve it.

  4. Good Mood and Helping • People in a good mood are more likely to help • The cookie study • The dime in the phone booth study • One catch it wears off quickly

  5. Good Mood and Helping(Wears Off with Time)

  6. Good Mood and Helping • How does it work • Positive thoughts • Mood maintenance

  7. Bad Mood and Helping • People in a bad mood are also more likely to help • Guilt in particular seems to motivate helping • The Lie Study • Other bad moods also increase helping (sometimes) • Helping boosts people’s mood • But if mood is improved in another way bad mood doesn’t improve helping • It doesn’t workfor children • Suggests that helping provides an internal gratification

  8. Empathy and Helping • Other’s distress leads to two emotional responses • one’s own distress • empathy - compassion for the other person • This leads to two motivations • motive to reduce own’s own distress • motive to help the other person • This leads to two behavioral responses • attempt to reduce own’s distress - leave • attempt to help the other person - stay

  9. Batson, Duncan, Ackerman, Buckley, & Birch (1981) Experiment • The Setup • Confederate receiving shock • Participant observing • The Independent Variables • Increased empathy with the victim • Opportunity to leave the experiment • The findings

  10. Results of Batson, et al., 1981

  11. Empathy and HelpingSummary of Batson’s Model

  12. Schaller & Cialdini (1988) - A Challenge to Batson’s Model • The Setup - • Participants listened to a tape supposedly from a fellow student in need of help. • The Independent variable - • Increased empathy with the victim • They expected to listen to neutral or mood-enhancing information, or be given the opportunity to help • The results -

  13. Schaller & Cialdini (1988) results

  14. So, Are We Altruistic or Not? • Cialdini and colleagues argue that an egoistic interpretation cannot be ruled out. • Nevertheless, it seems that crass egoism can be distinguished from helping that is at least partially motivated by the desire to help the other.

More Related