Varieties of American Nationalism

1. Varieties of American Nationalism Nationalism and Sectionalism Page 216 - 233

2. MAIN THEMES • How the Federalists rose to-and fell from-power. • The presentist debate over the religious inclinations of the founding fathers. • The internal American divisions that beset the First Party period. • How American ambitions and attitudes came into conflict with British policies and led to the War of 1812. • The participation and impact of the War of 1812 on Amerinindians. • The impact of the War of 1812 on American politics. • The defining of political authority through John Marshall and the Supreme Court.

3. Nationalizing 4th of July Picnic 216 Steamboat 220 Sectionalizing Missouri Compromise Electoral map Look through Ch. 8 visuals/charts/maps – write down which show a nationalizing influence and which show a sectionalizing influence

4. MANIFEST DESTINYAmerican Progress

5. Aftermath of the War of 1812 • America gives up demand of Britain to renounce impressment • Also gives up demand for British Canada • Unity threatened by slavery issue • War/embargo stimulated economy esp. textiles Lowell system • Exposed need for better transportation and for a national bank

6. Sectional Economic Goals 1. Low protective tariffs to encourage trade with England (cotton/tobacco) South 1. Protective tariffs for the new New England industry North 2. Public lands available for sale in large chunks (for farms+plantations) 2. High priced public lands to keep workers from migrating west 3. No federally built internal improvements 3. Federally built internal improvements The New West 1. Low-priced public lands to encourage settlement (watch for the NW Ordinance!) 2. Protective tariffs to stimulate growth of a home market 3. Federally built internal improvements

7. Economy suffers after war of 1812 Congress passes tariff

8. Transportation a public /private venture: pages 219-21 • National Road financed by Ohio land sales. • Robert Fulton: steam engine steamboat • Madison vetoesInternal Improvements Bill. • Did not believe Congress had the authority to fund improvements without a constitutional amendment • Why do you think the govern. was now interested in Internal improvements?

9. Internal improvements left to state govern. and private sector

10. Westward Expansion PUSH Factors PULL factors Pop. /econ pressures Expan. of slavery Availability of new lands Less Indian resistance

11. The northwest is now the “old northwest” • White settlers in old northwest • Lonely but not solitary • Built communities • Mutual aid • mobility

12. Plantation system in the southwest – p. 222 • Demand for cotton draws farmers into western lands Spread of s. settlement slavery cotton plantations

13. 4 new states admitted • 1816 - Indiana • 1817 – Mississippi • 1818 – Illinois • 1819 – Alabama • What issue will be important as new states are admitted to the union? • In 1821, Mexico wins independence from Spain and continues to control much of the southwest traders and merchants

14. Westward expansion: 1815- 1845

15. The Fur Trade and Mountain Men • Jacob Astor’s American Fur Trading company • Many lived peacefully with Ind and Mexicans • Exception: Jedediah Smith • Married Ind/Hisp women • Many lived in isolation

16. 1796 1824 The First Party Period

17. FOUR PARTY PERIODS 1796 - 18281ST PARTY SYSTEM FEDERALIST - ANTI-FEDERALIST NATIONALIST - REPUBLICAN / DEMOCRAT HAMILTONIAN - JEFFERSONIAN 1829 - 18562ND PARTY SYSTEM WHIG - DEMOCRACY ANTI-JACKSONIAN - JACKSONIAN 1856 - 19643RD PARTY SYSTEM REPUBLICAN - DEMOCRAT 1964 -4TH PARTY SYSTEM DEMOCRAT - REPUBLICAN

18. The “Era of Good Feelings” and the end of the 1st party system • Time of temporary political unity • 1808 – 1824 • Madison serves for two terms then Monroe runs virtually unopposed in 1820, his second term • Goodwill tour

19. 1820 election

20. James Madison (1809 – 1817) Father of the Constitution

21. James Monroe (1817 – 1825)

22. Missouri Compromise 1820

23. Missouri Compromise- stirrings of sectionalism • Henry Clay said that if Missouri was not admitted as a slave state, southerners would block admission of Maine as a free state • Compromise temporarily papers over the issue of slavery

24. Marshall and the Court

25. The Court and the Tribes

27. MAIN THEMES • How the Federalists rose to-and fell from-power. • The presentist debate over the religious inclinations of the founding fathers. • The internal American divisions that beset the First Party period. • How American ambitions and attitudes came into conflict with British policies and led to the War of 1812. • The participation and impact of the War of 1812 on Amerinindians. • The impact of the War of 1812 on American politics. • The defining of political authority through John Marshall and the Supreme Court.

28. RELIGION DURING FIRST PARTY PERIOD • Religion and Revivalism • Deism • Universalism • Unitarianism • The Second Great Awakening   • PRESBYTERIANS – WEST • BABTISTS – SOUTH • METHODISTS - • *ARMINIANISM OVERTAKES CALVINISM