American Nationalism

1. American Nationalism Pamela Henderson, Eli Garcia, Shania Hatley, Megan Fertakis, Vika Cox

2. Main Points Main Idea Key Terms and Names Era of Good Feelings John C. Calhoun Revenue tariff Protective tariff John Marshall Kinache Adams-Onis Treaty Quadruple Alliance • Americans developed powerful feelings of patriotism and national unity after the war of 1812

3. The Era of Good Feelings • President Monroe’s words made it obvious that he had national pride. • Americans’ loyalty to the United States overrode their historical identity with state of region • The Columbian Centinal, a Boston newspaper, declared this the time to be the time to be an Era of Good Feelings. This phrase has since been used to describe the Monroe presidency. • Harmony in national politics reached a new high because the republicans had all the power. • The war of 1812 had taught republican leaders that a strong federal government was helpful.

4. Economic Nationalism The American leaders wanted to bind the nation together so they created a new national bank

5. The Second Bank • Although the republicans opposed of a national bank, they soon realized it was needed. • Without a national bank, state charter banks and other private banks expanded their lending with bank notes, which made prices rise rapidly during the war. • In 1816 John C. Calhoun, representative of South Carolina introduced a bill proposing the Second Bank of the United States. • Because of the support of Henry Clay and Daniel Webster the bill passed in 1816.

6. Henry Clay 1777-1852 • John C. Calhoun 1782-1850

7. Tariffs and Transportation • Because of an embargo had prevented Americans from buying British goods during the war of 1812, American industries increased their output to meet demand. • Once the war was over, British goods flowed into the United States at low prices which the American industries couldn’t compete with. • Congress responded with the Tariff of 1816, which was unlike earlier revenue tariff, this provided income for the federal government. This was a protective tariff, designed to nurture American manufacturers by taxing imports to drive up their prices. • The nations transportation system grew because of state and local government funding after President Madison vetoed a federal internal improvement plan

8. Judicial Nationalism John Marshall ruled in three important cases that established the dominance of the nation over the states and shaped the future of American government

9. Martin vs. Hunter’s Lessee • 1816 the Court decided that it had the authority to hear all appeals of state court decisions in cases involving federal statues & treaties. • The case: Denny Martin, a British subject, tried to sell Virginia land that he inherited from his British loyalist uncle. The court ruled that the land be confiscated, because it was conflicting with the Treaty of Paris 1783.

10. McCulloch v. Maryland • This case, in 1819, concerned Maryland’s attempt to tax the second bank. First the court had to decide weather the federal government had the right to create a bank in the first place. • Marshall observed that the federal government had the right to collect taxes, borrow money, regulate commerce, and to raise armies & navies. He said that the state government couldn‘t interfere with federal government affairs.

11. Gibbons v. Ogden • This case in 1824 involved a company that had state-granted monopoly over steam-boat traffic in New York waters. The company wanted to increase the monopoly to include traffic from the Hudson River to New Jersey. • The supreme court decided that the monopoly was unconstitutional, and that the state was wrong in granting it in the first place. Marshall ensured that federal law would take precedence over state law.

12. Nationalist Diplomacy The United States expanded its borders and asserted itself on the world stage.

13. Jackson Invades Florida • Spanish-held Florida was a source of anger for Americans, slaves would flee, knowing that the Americans could not cross the border. • The Seminoles were the Creek people that had retreated to Florida. The Seminoles used Florida as a base, and preformed many raids on American settlements. • The Americans wanted to take Florida, and a Seminole leader named Kinache warned the U.S. to stay away. • In 1818 the U.S sent troops under General Andrew Jackson, Jackson disobeyed orders and seized the Spanish settlements of St. Marks and Pensacola.

14. Adams-Onis Treaty • Adams-Onis treaty finalized the western border of the Louisiana Purchase along Texas’s Sabine and Red Rivers, west along the Arkansas River, and then north to the 42nd Parallel before turning west to the Pacific Ocean. Map of Adams-Onis Treaty Osceola, most famous Seminole leader

15. The Monroe Doctrine • In 1809 rebellions began to erupt in Spain’s colonies. Meanwhile a group of European countries formed the Quadruple Alliance in an effort to suppress movements against monarchies in Europe The alliance raised the possibility of helping Spain regain control. • Great Britain and the United States weren't happy with this, the president formed a proclamation, later called the Monroe Doctrine, prevented other great powers from interfering in Latin Americas.

16. Connections • The war over in Afghanistan connects to section 1 because the Americans have a powerful feelings of patriotism after the War of 1812. • Today imports and exports are more taxed due to conflict between countries. • The boarder controversy between the U.S. and Mexico connect in a way to the invasion of Florida by Jackson.