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Adolescence

Adolescence. Adolescence. The years between childhood and adulthood Broken into 3 stages: Early Adolescence: 10-14 Middle Adolescence: 14-16 Late Adolescence: 16-19. Adolescence. Marked by significant changes: Physical Social Emotional Psychological Cognitive—Intellectual Moral.

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Adolescence

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  1. Adolescence

  2. Adolescence • The years between childhood and adulthood • Broken into 3 stages: • Early Adolescence: 10-14 • Middle Adolescence: 14-16 • Late Adolescence: 16-19

  3. Adolescence • Marked by significant changes: • Physical • Social • Emotional • Psychological • Cognitive—Intellectual • Moral

  4. Adolescence as a Social Invention • A historically new phenomenon • G. Stanley Hall • Why? • Industrialization • Urbanization • Education • Adolescent Employment

  5. Erik Erikson • Personality (Identity) Development • A “healthy” identity is acquired through the resolution of a series of life crises/dilemmas • 8 stages in life • 2 stages in adolescence

  6. Industry Early Adolescent Must “do” or accomplish things Adult role models become important Inferiority If NO achievements a sense of inferiority or inadequacy develops Erikson—Stage 4

  7. Erikson—Stage 5 • Identity vs. Role Confusion • Questions: • Who am I? • What can I be? • Am I capable? • Major influence: • Peers more important than parents • Dynamic: • Testing roles in social situations • Looking for feedback—Am I liked? Can I like?

  8. Stress and Crisis • Adolescence is a time in a teen’s life that can be very stressful. • Expectations—family, friends, parents, teachers, etc. • Causes feelings of being overwhelmed and confused • Result—Identity Crisis

  9. Identity Crisis • Definition: • Situation of emotional and mental stress requiring significant changes of outlook within a short period of time. • Includes personality changes. • Erikson— “a time of suspended animation”

  10. Identity Crisis • “Suspended Animation” • Two Poles: • Moratorium ( ) on one end • Impulsive acts/feelings on the other

  11. Role Confusion Influences • Fidelity- • Search or desire for something to be TRUE to. • person, idea, etc. • Dynamic- • Testing roles in social situations and looking for feedback. • Genuineness- • of people, models, ideas, tendency to love/hate, right, wrong. • Intensive Reactions—or expressions— • of their fidelity, love, and hate.

  12. Need- peer acceptance in early adolescence Self-indulgence preoccupied with appearance and looks Unique they think no one else has their problems Important: Self esteem being “cool” Conflict with parents, but move on and become more independent Fear of: physical differences not fitting in Variables in Identity Crises

  13. A new self-definition is integrated into personality The person moves on (succeeds) with life The “Real Me” is found. Role confusion is not solved There can be feelings of shame, lack of pride, and personal alienation. It can eventually develop into a completely negative identity—gangs, delinquent behavior Results of an Identity Crisis Positive Negative

  14. Offer • Longitudinal Study • 1975 • Identifies 3 Basic Styles of Adolescence

  15. Offer’s 3 Styles of Adolescence: • Continuous—23% • Surgent—35% • Tumultuous—21 %

  16. Offer’s 3 Styles of Adolescence:

  17. Continuous • Smooth transition • Good family relations • Accept societal roles • Good interpersonal relations • “All American Kid”

  18. Example of Continuous • The Brady Bunch • Few Problems • Grew up in “All American Family”

  19. Examples of Continuous • Brady Bunch • Happy Days • 90210—Brandon • Eric—That 70s Show • Corey—Boy Meets World • The Wonder Years—Kevin • 7th Heaven

  20. Surgent • Cycle of “ups and downs” • Plateau of stability then, another crisis • comes up • Generally families had divorce, major • crisis or death.

  21. Example of Surgent • Dawson • Dawson’s Creek • Most of the characters can fit into one of Offer’s 3 Styles

  22. Surgent Examples • Party of Five • 90210—Kelly, Steve • Others? • Shawn—Boy Meets World

  23. Tumultuous • Inner turmoil • Behavioral problems • Critical of social environment • Very introspective and sensitive • Withdrawal

  24. Tumultuous Examples • Daria • Hyde—That 70’s Show

  25. Elkind • Imaginary audience- high self-consciousness, all looks are critical, strong feelings of being conspicuous. • Adolescent Egocentricism- follows along with imaginary audience, they are the center of attention, either negative or positive.

  26. Imaginary Audience

  27. STURM Und DRANG?!? • Is Adolescence Sturm und Drang? • (storm and stress)

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