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Ancient Egypt & Kush (Nubia)

Ancient Egypt & Kush (Nubia). Archaic Period. Menes (Narmer) united upper and lower Egypt capital was Memphis Egypt’s first Pharaoh “Great House” started Egypt’s first Dynasty. The Old Kingdom. 2686 – 2181 BC. Pyramid Builders. Imhotep master architect Djoser Step Pyramid Snefru

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Ancient Egypt & Kush (Nubia)

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  1. Ancient Egypt & Kush (Nubia)

  2. Archaic Period • Menes (Narmer) • united upper and lower Egyptcapital was Memphis • Egypt’s first Pharaoh • “Great House” • started Egypt’s first Dynasty

  3. The Old Kingdom 2686 – 2181 BC

  4. Pyramid Builders • Imhotep • master architect • Djoser • Step Pyramid • Snefru • Red Pyramid (true pyramid) • Khufu (Cheops) • Great Pyramid of Giza

  5. Pyramid Builders • Pyramids • tombs; Old Kingdom • Engineering • the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes … uh … what? • ex. using a 43.5° angle for the pyramids to avoid collapse

  6. Mummification • Afterlife • life after death; focus of Egyptian Religion • Mummies • help the “ka” find it’s body • Ka • life spirit

  7. Mummification • “Pyramid Texts” • describe the journey of a dead pharaoh into the afterlife“Re gives you his arm on the stairway to the sky.” • Sarcophagus • bone box; decorated coffin • Canopic Jars • held internal organs of mummy

  8. Gods and Goddesses • Re (Rah or Amen-Re) • sun god • Anubis • god of the dead and mummification; jackal headed

  9. Gods and Goddesses • Osiris • god of the underworld • Isis • goddess of magic • Horus • sky god; god of the pharaohs

  10. First Intermediate Period • Political Chaos  Two Capitals • Northern Egypt  ruled at Memphis • Southern Egypt  ruled at Thebes

  11. The Middle Kingdom 1991 – 1786 BC

  12. Middle Kingdom • Mentuhotep II • reunited Egypt to begin the Middle Kingdom • “Renaissance” • “rebirth” of Egypt • classical period of art and literature • Egypt conquers Kush and gains wealth

  13. Second Intermediate Period • Hyksos • invaders from Southwest Asia • chariots and high-powered bows • Ahmose • defeated theHyksos • started the New Kingdom

  14. The New Kingdom 1567 – 1085 BC

  15. New Kingdom • Queen Hatshepsut • mother of Thutmose III • ran things; expaned trade • wore a beard !!! Thutmose III (Tutmosis) • killed his mom ??? • great conqueror • expanded Egypt throughout Nubia and Middle East

  16. New Kingdom • Akhenaton (Amenhotep IV) • monotheism; worshipped Aton “the sun disc” • Tutankhamen (Tutankhaton) • restored old religion • buried in the Valley of the Kings • tomb found in 1922 by Howard Carter

  17. New Kingdom • Ramses the Great • ruled for 67 years, 100 children • great builder of temples • defeated the Sea People

  18. New Kingdom • Moses • during the time of Ramses ??? • Sea People • Ramses defeats them, but bankrupted Egyptto do it

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