Food Dyes & Behavior

1. Food Dyes & Behavior A Different View

2. Challenge studies % Levy(a) Williams Pollock Williams Swanson Goyette Swanson Rowe Wilson Rowe Schmidt Weiss Harley Levy(b) Spring Adams Boris Sarantinos 1978 1978 1990 1978 1980 1978 1980 1988 1989 1994 1997 1980 1978 1978 1978 1981 1981 1990

3. Diet studies

4. Step 1 - Recruit children

5. Step 2 - Remove additives

6. About 70% respond favorably

7. Step 3 – Give them some dye

8. How much to use?

9. How much to use?

10. How much to use?

11. Challenge studies % Levy(a) Williams Pollock Williams Swanson Goyette Swanson Rowe Wilson Rowe Schmidt Weiss Harley Levy(b) Spring Adams Boris Sarantinos 1978 1978 1990 1978 1980 1978 1980 1988 1989 1994 1997 1980 1978 1978 1978 1981 1981 1990

12. More Dye = More Reactions % mg

13. More Dye = More Reactions % mg

14. In the Real World, however . . .

15. How much is in there? 13 mg

16. Sent for analysis

17. Report of lab analysis 1072.3 mg/kg = 1.072 mg/g 3 Tb = 54 g 54 g x 1.072 mg/g = 57.8 mg 3 Tb frosting for 1 cupcake = 58 mg Red 40

18. Nutrition Foundation recommended 27 mg per child

19. Where are the studies using realistic amounts of food dyes?

20. Where are the studies using realistic amounts of food dyes?

41. Well there’s a pill for that …

42. Blood pressure Heart problems Strokes Aggression Mania Hallucinations Seizures Vision problems Stunted growth Sudden death Warning labels on ADHD drugs

43. Vision problem Hearing problem Sensory integration problem Thyroid dysfunction Excess of heavy metals Deficiency of “good fats” Excess manganese from soy infant formula Zinc or Iron deficiency Lack of sleep Family stress Loss of a pet or loved one Food allergies Synthetic food dyes Other food additives Natural salicylates, aspirin Fluoride sensitivity Environmental chemicals Wood burning stoves, kerosene heaters Gas or oil heat with inadequate filters Fragrances – plug-ins, cologne, scented candles, etc. Some problems are fixable

44. Vision problem Hearing problem Sensory integration problem Thyroid dysfunction Excess of heavy metals Deficiency of “good fats” Excess manganese from soy infant formula Zinc or Iron deficiency Lack of sleep Family stress Loss of a pet or loved one Food allergies Synthetic food dyes Other food additives Natural salicylates, aspirin Fluoride sensitivity Environmental chemicals Wood burning stoves, kerosene heaters Gas or oil heat with inadequate filters Fragrances – plug-ins, cologne, scented candles, etc. Some problems are fixable

45. New York City Public Schools1979-1983 • 803 schools … 1,000,000 children • Banned synthetic food dyes • Banned synthetic flavorings • Banned petrochemical preservatives Schoenthaler et al, 1986 International Journal of Biosocial Research, 8(2); 185-195

46. 803 New York City Public SchoolsNational California Achievement Test Scores 50% = national average 1978-79 Before diet change 1982-83 After diet change

47. 12 prison studies • 8,076 juvenile delinquents • Improved diet • Average of all antisocial behavior went down 47%