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Transport and Circulation

Transport and Circulation. We’ll be discussing. Cellular Transport Plant Tissues and Transport in Plants Trends and Various Strategies Used by Animals to Transport Materials Transport in Man Disorders of the Circulatory System. Membranes and cellular transport.

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Transport and Circulation

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  1. Transport and Circulation

  2. We’ll be discussing • Cellular Transport • Plant Tissues and Transport in Plants • Trends and Various Strategies Used by Animals to Transport Materials • Transport in Man • Disorders of the Circulatory System

  3. Membranes and cellular transport

  4. Active vs Passive Transport

  5. Transport of large molecules

  6. Summary of Transport Processes

  7. Transport within the eukaryotic cell Endomembrane system • Endoplasmic reticulum • manufacturing and transport facility • proteins produced in rough ER are packaged in vesicles • Golgi apparatus • modification and storage facility • receiving end and shipping end • Vacuole • large membrane bound sacs • usually stores undigested nutrients Cyclosis/cytoplasmic streaming

  8. Transport in Plants

  9. Vascular tissues: xylem and phloem • Xylem • Tracheids* • Vessel elements* • Parenchyma cells • Fiber • Phloem • Sieve-tube members • Companion cells • Sclerenchyma fibers • Parenchyma cells • Both are continuous throughout the plant body

  10. Overview of transport in a vascular plant

  11. cellular level transport • Plant cells can maintain an internal environment different from their surroundings

  12. Short-distance H2O transport in the root

  13. Water and minerals ascend through the xylemRoot pressureTranspiration–cohesion–tension theory Tension – negative pressure

  14. Cuticle Upper epidermal tissue Lower epidermal tissue Trichomes (“hairs”) 100 m Stomata Stomata help regulate the rate of transpiration Leaves – broad surface areas • Increase photosynthesis • Increase water loss through stomata (transpiration) Turgid Flaccid

  15. Turgid Flaccid

  16. Vessel (xylem) Sieve tube (phloem) Source cell (leaf) Loading of sugar (green dots) into the sieve tube at the source reduces water potential inside the sieve-tube members. This causes the tube to take up water by osmosis. 1 H2O Sucrose 1 H2O 2 2 This uptake of water generates a positive pressure that forces the sap to flow along the tube. 3 The pressure is relieved by the unloading of sugar and the consequent loss of water from the tubeat the sink. Transpiration stream Pressure flow 4 In the case of leaf-to-root translocation, xylem recycles water from sink to source. Sink cell (storage root) 4 3 Sucrose H2O Organic nutrients are translocated through the phloem(Pressure – Flow model) • Translocation – transport of organic molecules in the plant • Phloem sap • Mostly sucrose • Sugar source  sugar sink • Source is a producer of sugar • Sink is a consumer/storage facility for sugar

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