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Smarter Internet Searching. Boolean Operators. What are Boolean operators?. The terms “AND, OR, & NOT” when used in Internet searches are called Boolean operators. Why do we call them “Boolean?”. George Boole was an English mathematician who lived from 1815-1864
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Smarter Internet Searching Boolean Operators
What are Boolean operators? • The terms “AND, OR, & NOT” when used in Internet searches are called Boolean operators
Why do we call them “Boolean?” • George Boole was an English mathematician who lived from 1815-1864 • He invented a branch of mathematics called Boolean algebra • His theories formed the basis for using Boolean operators in Internet searches
How do you use Boolean operators? • Using AND: Using AND narows a search by combining terms; it will bring back documents that use both the search terms you put in, for example: Portland AND Oregon
Using OR Using OR broadens a search to include results that contain either of the words you type in. OR is a good tool to use when there are several common spellings or synonyms of a word, for example Theatre OR theater
Using NOT Using Not will narrow a search by keeping out certain search terms. NOT brings back documents that contain one, but not the other,of the search terms you enter, for example: Jazz NOT Music
Here’s another way to think about it: Search results are shown in green
Using NOT Diagrams from http://tlt.its.psu.edu/suggestions/databases/search/booleansearch.html
Mini Quiz • Which will get you the MOST results: • AND • OR • NOT Answer: B. OR
Let’s practice together: • Now let’s try it on the Internet with Google:
Smarter Searching • List 5 topics you want to know more about. • List three key words that could be used to find information about each topic. EX. Swimmers, Olympic Swimmers, World Record Swimmers, Women Swimmers, etc.
Using AND • Choose one of your topics, What can you add to your search to get better results? • Try a one word search, then try adding AND and a second word. • Draw a Venn diagram showing your results. Label the circles and give a specific example of one of your search results.
Using OR • Now do the same search using the OR operator between your two keywords. • Describe what happened. • Draw a Venn Diagram showing the results.
Using NOT • Search Google for ‘jaguar’, ‘mustang’ or ‘explorer’. What are your results? • Now search these terms adding ‘NOT cars’. What is the difference?
Shortcuts • Not all search engines use Boolean operators in the same way • You can use shortcuts in Google: • + for AND • - for NOT