1 / 22

INFLUENZA 2012

INFLUENZA 2012. Rod Givney Microbiology Infection Prevention & Control Pathology North rodney.givney@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au. Symptoms of influenza. Fever (3 days) Cough Headaches, myalgia, malaise, and anorexia Pharyngeal pain, and nasal obstruction and discharge 1-2 week convalescence

nitsa
Download Presentation

INFLUENZA 2012

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. INFLUENZA 2012 Rod Givney Microbiology Infection Prevention & Control Pathology North rodney.givney@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au

  2. Symptoms of influenza • Fever (3 days) • Cough • Headaches, myalgia, malaise, and anorexia • Pharyngeal pain, and nasal obstruction and discharge • 1-2 week convalescence • mild illness or asymptomatic infection

  3. Complications of influenza • Primary viral pneumonia • Secondary bacterial pneumonia • Streptococcus pneumoniae • Haemophilusinfluenzae • Staphylococcus aureus • Croup, exacerbation COPD; myositis, mycarditis, pericarditis, Guillan-Barré

  4. Diagnosis- PCR • Personal protective equipment (surgical mask, eye goggles) & hand hygeine • sample the anterior nostril by gently abrading the nasal mucosa on both sides • insert swab into transport medium (green top viral ) • Throat, nasopharynx, sputum, lavage

  5. Epidemiology of influenza A • Humans, birds, pigs, horses, marine mammals) • Annual peaks of seasonal influenza, outbreaks • Pandemics B & C • Humans only • B: seasonal, outbreaks • Not pandemic

  6. Virology of influenza A • Genetic “drift”: random nucleotide changes • Genetic “shift” : reassortment • Swapping of genome segments coding for haemagglutinin & neuraminidase proteins • 15 haemagglutinin (HA) types, 9 neuraminidase (NA) types • (B & C: genetic variation only by drift)

  7. Human pandemics

  8. Influenza A pandemics • 1918 H1N1 • 20-40 million, 50% in 20-40 years of age • 1957 H2N2 • >10% deaths <65 years • 1968 H3N2 • >50% deaths in 45-65 years • 2009 H1N1 • 150, 000- 0.5 million deaths • Dawood et al. www.thelancet.com/infection Published online June 26, 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70121-4

  9. 2009 Pandemic • 0-17 years • 44 500 (22 400–80 100) • 18-64 years • 183 700 (98 800–342 200) • >64 years • 56 400 (30 500–233 700)

  10. USA influenza paediatric deaths

  11. NSW 200-2012

  12. Avian influenza in humans

  13. Avian influenza H5N1 in humans http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/H5N1_cumulative_table_archives/en/

  14. Treatment • Neuraminidase inhibitors

  15. Prevention (1) • Immunisation • Trivalent vaccine • H3, H1, B • Annual update • Manufacture

  16. Why not get immunised?

  17. Immunisation HNEH 2012

  18. Infection control • Droplet or airborne?

  19. http://intranet.hne.health.nsw.gov.au/influenza-like_illness_managementhttp://intranet.hne.health.nsw.gov.au/influenza-like_illness_management

  20. 2012 summary • Case= fever + (cough or sore throat) • Droplet precautions with eye protection & surgical mask (&apron) • Staff exclusion • Aerosolising procedures • Patient management • Start & stop, at risk, immunosuppressed • Oseltamivir

More Related