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Geographic Techniques

Geographic Techniques. Some Tools of the Trade. What is GIS ?. Geographic Information Systems A GIS is a powerful computer mapping and analysis system Links geographic locations with information/data about them so you can create maps and analyze data in new ways

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Geographic Techniques

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  1. Geographic Techniques Some Tools of the Trade

  2. What is GIS? • Geographic Information Systems • A GIS is a powerful computer mapping and analysis system • Links geographic locations with information/data about them so you can create maps and analyze data in new ways • Techniques for handling, processing, and analyzing data specifically referenced to the surface of the Earth

  3. What is GIS? Components of GIS

  4. What makes GISuniQUE?

  5. What makes GIS Unique?

  6. What makes GIS unique? • Ability to use specific spatial techniques • Buffer and overlay, for example

  7. Questions a gis could answer • Location • What is at the location? • Condition • How is it? • Trends • What has changed since? • Patterns • What spatial patterns exist? • Modeling • What if?

  8. Who uses GIS? • Government • Academia • Private industry

  9. Practical applications of gis • Street network based analysis • Address matching • Vehicle routing • Location routing, site selection • Development of evacuation plans

  10. Practical application of gis • Natural resource based (management) • Wildlife habitat • Wild & scenic rivers • Recreation resources • Floodplains • Wetlands • Agricultural lands • Aquifers • Forests

  11. Practical applications for gis • Land parcel based analysis • Zoning, subdivision plan review • Land acquisition • Maintenance of ownership

  12. Practical applications of gis • Facilities management • Locating underground utilities • Planning facility maintenance

  13. Practical Application of GIS • Historic structures • Cataloging • Maintenance

  14. GIS application areas Gator Farming with GISby Gregory Hymel, Geographic Computer Technologies, LLC “Eggs, collected from wild nests in area wetlands, are hatched on farms. Some of the young hatched on farms are released back into the wild. As a result of this program, alligator populations in the southeastern United States have grown substantially, and the species was declared recovered in 1987 and removed from the Endangered Species List. An alligator farm in Louisiana has begun using GIS to manage egg collection.”

  15. Gis application areas

  16. GIS application areas

  17. Remote sensing • Any of the several techniques of obtaining images of an area or object without having the sensor in direct physical contact with it, as by aerial photography or satellite sensors.

  18. Remote sensing

  19. Remote sensing Early remote sensing

  20. Remote sensing Visible spectrum

  21. Remote sensing • Sensor record specific bands of the EMR spectrum

  22. Remote sensing applications

  23. Remote sensing applications Amazon River

  24. Remote sensing applications Rondonia, Brazil 1975

  25. Remote sensing applications Rondonia, Brazil 1986

  26. Remote sensing applications Rondonia, Brazil 1992

  27. Remote sensing applications Tracking tornado damage

  28. gps: the global positioning system • Uses measurements from 3+ satellites

  29. How accurate is gps? • Depends on several variables • Design of receiver • $100 - $50,000 • Little spent collecting readings • Positions/geometry of satellites • Differential corrections • Removal of measurement errors

  30. Global positioning system Low end receivers

  31. Global positioning receivers High end receiver

  32. GPS applications Agriculture

  33. GPS applications • Wildlife tracking

  34. Gps applications Vehicle use

  35. GPS

  36. geocaching

  37. Gps & mountain biking

  38. Google earth

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