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Mathematics and Science in Schools in Sub-Saharan Africa

Explore the fascinating history and advancements in polymer science from Bakelite to cutting-edge carbon nanotubes. Discover the properties and applications of various natural and artificial polymers, including examples like nylon, polyethylene, and Kevlar. Learn about the revolutionary use of carbon fiber plastics in cars, anti-ballistic materials, and fireproof ceramics. Delve into the world of lithium-ion batteries, touchscreen technology, and flexible plastic electronics. Unveil the incredible potential of polymers in modern materials science.

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Mathematics and Science in Schools in Sub-Saharan Africa

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  1. Mathematics and Science in Schools in Sub-Saharan Africa

  2. Material Science POLYMERS

  3. Examples

  4. Lab: Which Polymer is Which?

  5. Lab: Which Polymer is Which? Data Chart

  6. Poly & Mer

  7. Elements Found in Polymers

  8. Material Comparison

  9. Material Comparison

  10. Material Comparison

  11. Natural Polymers

  12. Natural Polymers

  13. Artificial Polymers 200X Rayon

  14. Polymer History

  15. 1570

  16. 1839 Charles Goodyear

  17. 1907 Dr. Leo Baekeland Bakelite- the first synthetic plastic.

  18. Bakelite Radios, telephones and electrical insulators were made of Bakelite in the past due to its insulating and heat-resistant properties.

  19. 1917 M.Polanyi Used X-ray crystallography to discover the chemical structure of cellulose-a long chain molecule.

  20. 1920 Hermann Staudinger Staudinger’s classic paper “Uber Polymerization” presented the world the development of the modern polymer theory.

  21. 1927 Large scale production of polyvinyl-chloride (PVC)resins begins.

  22. PVC

  23. 1930 Polystryrene is invented.

  24. Styrofoam

  25. 1938 Wallace Carothers of Dupont company produces nylon.

  26. Nylon

  27. 1941 Polyethylene is produced.

  28. Polyethylene

  29. 1970 James Economy develops Ekonol.

  30. Ekonal A moldable polymer that has no observable melting point! Leads to the development of liquid crystal polymers 1 year later.

  31. 1971 Aramid

  32. Aramid Kevlar

  33. 1976 Polymer/plastic industry passes steel as the nation’s most widely used material.

  34. Plastics! Now we use more plastic than steel, aluminum and copper combined!

  35. Carbon-Fiber

  36. Plastics Usage in Cars

  37. Strongest Material?

  38. Carbon Nanotube Application Anti-Ballistic Materials

  39. Bullet-proof jackets stop bullets from penetrating by spreading the bullet's force. Targets can still be left suffering blunt force trauma, perhaps severe bruising or, worse, damage to critical organs.

  40. Scientists use the elasticity of carbon nanotubes to not only stop bullets from penetrating but to actually rebound their force.

  41. 2008 A polymer that transforms into a fireproof ceramic.

  42. HIPS Coating Hybrid Inorganic Polymer System Withstand temperatures over 1000ºC!

  43. Lithium-ion Battery Fires

  44. 2011 Touchscreens

  45. Touchscreens that contain carbon nanotubes can be made of low-priced renewable raw materials.

  46. 2011 Flexible plastic electronics!

  47. The bilayer dielectric is made of a fluorinated polymer known as CYTOP.

  48. The bilayer dielectric is also made with a High-k metal oxide layer.

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