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Academic Integrity Michael Ryan Vice Provost and Dean of Undergraduate Education. Goals National Data Expectations of Faculty and Instructors UB Policies and Procedures VPUE Academic Integrity Cases Plagiarism Detection Software Challenges and Hi-Tech Issues Advising Students
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Academic IntegrityMichael RyanVice Provost and Dean of Undergraduate Education • Goals • National Data • Expectations of Faculty and Instructors • UB Policies and Procedures • VPUE Academic Integrity Cases • Plagiarism Detection Software • Challenges and Hi-Tech Issues • Advising Students • Questions and Discussion
Goals • To promote a culture of academic integrity throughout the campus • To educate students and faculty with regard to issues relating to academic integrity • What constitutes academic integrity • Why is academic integrity important • How to handle cases of academic dishonesty • Techniques for preventing, detecting, and addressing academic dishonesty
University Commitment toFundamental Values • Honesty • Trust • Fairness • Respect • Responsibility
National Data - Center for Academic Integrityhttp://www.academicintegrity.org/cai_research.asp • National research involving >50,000 college students on more than 60 campuses: • ~70% of students admit to some form of cheating • 25% admit to serious test cheating • 50% admit to serious cheating on written assignments during the past year • 77% of students believe that cutting and pasting from the internet, without citation and only minor rewording, is not a very serious issue
Other National Data • In faculty surveys, 44% of faculty, who knew about cheating in their courses, did not report any students to campus authorities • Students indicate that cheating is more likely to occur in courses where it is well known that faculty are likely to ignore cheating • There has been a significant increase in unpermitted collaboration on tests and assignments 1963 – 11% 1993 – 49% • Out of 18,000 high school students surveyed: 70% admitted to serious test cheating >60% admitted to plagiarism
Center for Academic Integrity • The Center for Academic Integrity was founded in 1992 • The Center for Academic Integrity is located at Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina • >600 members at 220 Colleges and Universities in the United States • UB is an institutional member • In 2006 UB undertook a major academic integrity survey of undergraduate students (719), graduate students (462), teaching assistants (90), and faculty (299)
Responsibilities • Administration • promote a culture of academic integrity across campus • develop appropriate policies and procedures to deal with violations of academic integrity • enforce academic integrity policies • Faculty • inform students of expectations and policies • ensure that students are evaluated in a fair and equitable manner • report infractions (ensures that appropriate records are maintained and repeat offenders are dealt with appropriately) • reporting infractions can also serve a useful educational purpose and a deterrence for such behavior in future • Students • know expectations and policies • abide by policies and rules of conduct • represent individual work in an honest manner
Examples of Academic Dishonesty • Inappropriate use of previously submitted work • Plagiarism • Cheating • Falsification of materials • Misrepresentation of documents • Selling academic or computer assignments • Improper or illegal computer usage
Possible Consequences • Warning • Reduction in grade • Failure in course • Academic dishonesty notation on transcript • Suspension • Expulsion
Suggestions to Faculty and Students • Statement on academic integrity in course syllabus • Understand guidelines as to what is acceptable and what is not acceptable behavior • Understand guidelines with respect to collaboration on written assignments, homework, and class projects • Students have affirmed agreement to UB Rules and Regulations (Student Conduct Rules)
Academic Integrity Procedureshttp://undergrad-catalog.buffalo.edu/policies/course/integrity.shtml • Suspicion of academic dishonesty • Informal consultation/resolution between instructor and student (determination and sanction reported to VPUE) • Department Level Proceedings (review by Chair) • Decanal Level Proceedings (review by Dean) • Vice Provostal Level Proceedings (review by Vice Provost with regard to due process and imposition of transcript notation, suspension, or expulsion)
Community Service • Community Service assignments include the following: • Student is assigned Community Service hours by Office of Judicial Affairs • Student attends Community Service Meeting and selects work site • Student contacts site supervisor • Student fulfills Community Service obligation and completes an assessment survey • Site supervisor confirms completion by providing Judicial Affairs Office with documentation
Plagiarism Prevention Softwarehttp://etc.buffalo.edu/services/turnitin.html • UB has licensed “TurnitIn” plagiarism prevention software for campus use to help students learn to properly cite sources in scholarly writing • Submissions are searched against proprietary database consisting of: • Over 10 million student papers • Millions of pages of books and journals • Over 6 billion pages of current and archived internet • Results indicate text matches found with links to the matches
TurnitIn® Information • Pilot program conducted at UB in 2005 • TurnitIn® archives the entire web daily • Faculty may upload student papers individually or in batch • Faculty may allow students to upload papers themselves • Any text format may be loaded (images can not be read)
Other Plagiarism Prevention Software • Computer Science and Engineering uses software tool (MOSS) to detect plagiarism of submitted computer code • Safe Assignment • Other commercial products
Measure of Software Similarity (MOSS) • Moss can currently analyze code written in the following languages: • C, C++, Java, C#, Python, Visual Basic, Javascript, FORTRAN, ML, Haskell, Lisp, Scheme, Pascal, Modula2, Ada, Perl, TCL, Matlab, VHDL, Verilog, Spice, MIPS assembly, a8086 assembly, HCL2
Challenges and Hi-Tech Issues • Hi-Tech Cheating: • Storage devices (engineering calculators) • Cell phones, i-Phones – text messaging, pictures • Asynchronous tests – cameras, video phones • Wireless headsets • Scanner pens
Advising Students Accused of Academic Dishonesty • Office of Judicial Affairs and Student Advocacy • 252 Capen Hall • Director: Elizabeth Lidano
Questions Questions and Discussion
Responsibility to Students • Responsibility to ensure that all students are evaluated in an objective, fair, and consistent manner • Reporting infractions ensures that appropriate records are maintained and repeat offenders dealt with appropriately • Addressing and reporting infractions can serve a useful educational purpose and also serve as a deterrence for such behavior in future