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I. Colonization of the americas:

Explore Spanish, French, and Dutch colonization of the Americas, including motivations, impacts, and results of their presence in the New World during the exploration era.

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I. Colonization of the americas:

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  1. Notes: Unit 2: Exploration & Colonization #2 Colonization of the Americas I. Colonization of the americas:

  2. Colony: A group of people who settle distant land, but are still ruled by the lands they came from. • Imperialism: Forming an empire by conquest or colonization for the purpose of economic or political domination.

  3. 1. New Spain • Made up much of present day Southwest U.S., Mexico, and the western half of S. America.

  4. a. Reasons ExplorersCame to New World (Americas): • Conquistadors came to the New World to gain wealth and fame (3 G’s). • Gold: Large amount of gold thought to be in the New World. • Glory: Claiming new land for your country (become famous). • God: Convert Natives to Christianity.

  5. b. Effects of Spanish Conquistadors • Hernando Cortez conquered Mexico (Aztecs). • Francisco Pizarro conquered Peru (Incas). • Spain used the policy of imperialism to set up an economic system known as the encomienda.

  6. c. Results of Spanish Colonization • Spain became the wealthiest country in the world. • Spain built the largest navy (Spanish Armada) to protect gold from pirates. • Other European monarchs (kings/queens) began to colonize unclaimed parts of the Americas. • Dutch (Netherlands): New Netherlands (eventually New York) • English (Great Britain): Jamestown→Virginia→13 Colonies • French (France): New France (Canada) • Portuguese (Portugal): Eastern half of South America

  7. 2. New France • Made up much of present day eastern/central Canada & central U.S.

  8. a. Reasons French Came to North America • French explorers hoped to find gold. • France wanted to find an all water route through N. America to Asia (Northwest Passage) for silks and spices. • Wanted to gain access to the resources in North America (fishing / fur trade).

  9. b. Effects of French Explorers • Samuel de Champlain traveled south on the St. Lawrence River and founded New France (Quebec, Canada). • Cavelier de la Salle traveled south on the Mississippi River and founded Louisiana (Louis XIV) and the port city of New Orleans.

  10. c. Results of French Colonization • France made money in North America through the fur (beaver) trade. • France became friends (allies) with Indians (Algonquin tribes). • French missionary priests traveled with fur traders to convert Indians to Roman Catholics.

  11. 3. New Netherlands (Dutch) • Made up of present day New York & New Jersey.

  12. a. Reasons Dutch Came to North America • The Dutch wanted to find an all water route through N. America to Asia (Northwest Passage) for silks and spices. • Wanted to gain access to the fur trade in N. America

  13. b. Effects of Dutch Explorers • Henry Hudson founded New Netherlands. • Established Fort Orange (now Albany) as a fur trading post. • New Amsterdam (now NYC) became the largest Dutch settlement. • For a brief time were allies with the Algonquin & Iroquois (Mohawk) through the fur trade.

  14. c. Results of Dutch Colonization • The Dutch never found the Northwest Passage. • The Dutch began to have conflicts with Indians over land ownership. • In 1664, New Netherlands surrendered to Great Britain and became New York (part of the 13 English colonies).

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