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Ions + Ionic Bonding

Ions + Ionic Bonding. C hapter 15. Bonds in Proportion. Valence electrons. Valence e - the number of e - in the highest energy level How do you determine valence e - ?. Quiz yourself. How many valence e - for Li, Na, K, Rb , Cs Al Si P S Cl. Octet Rule.

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Ions + Ionic Bonding

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  1. Ions + Ionic Bonding Chapter 15

  2. Bonds in Proportion

  3. Valence electrons • Valence e-the number of e-in the highest energy level How do you determine valence e-?

  4. Quiz yourself • How many valence e- for • Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs • Al • Si • P • S • Cl

  5. Octet Rule • Atoms want a complete (full) outer energy level • For most that means 8 electrons • Exceptions to the rule? • H, He, Li, Be, B – they want 2 • Elements will mimic the electron configuration of a noble gas

  6. Ions • An ion is an atom with a charge • Cation is a positive ion (loses e-) • Anion is a negative ion (gains electrons) The common charge of an atom is called its OXIDATION Number

  7. Oxidation Numbers • What is the oxidation number of Na? • +1 • What is the oxidation number of F • -1 • What is the oxidation number for Mg • +2 • What is the oxidation number for Te • -2

  8. Electrostatic Attraction • A reactiveelement gains or loses e- in the presence of another element that will do the opposite • (OPPOSITES ATTRACT)

  9. Ionic Bonds How and why does sodium bond with chlorine? 1e- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEUXVQ95Rvk&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1

  10. Click for Fe + S Click for Na + Cl video

  11. More than just diatomics Can you figure these out? Mg + F Mg2+ + F- MgF2 Al + Cl Al+3 + Cl- AlCl3

  12. Swap and Drop • Write the oxidation number • Swap the positive and negative ox # and make it the subscript of the other element Ex: Mg2+ + Cl-1→ MgCl2

  13. Try these K + O K2O Al + O Al2O3 Mg + N Mg3N2

  14. Polyatomic Ions You should know these names of polyatomic ions NO3- nitrate OH- hydroxide ClO3- chlorate SO42- sulfate PO43- phosphate

  15. Try These Mg2+ + NO3- Mg(NO3)2 K+ + OH- KOH Ca2+ + PO43- Ca3(PO4)2

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