CHAPTER 11 AND 12 TEACHER NOTES

1. CHAPTER 11 AND 12 TEACHER NOTES

2. VOCABULARY TERMS • Antebellum • Emancipate • Yeomen Farmers • Sectionalism • Tariff • Sovereign • States’ Rights • Nullification • Secession • Abolitionist • Interdependent • Popular Sovereignty

3. i. The Issue of slavery

4. I. Issue of slavery • Antebellum – refers to the time period before the Civil War. • Books that help portray life in the Antebellum period: • Gone With the Wind – Margaret Mitchell • Uncle Ramus and Brer Rabbit – Joel Chandler Harris

5. I. Issue of slavery • King Cotton – the idea that cotton controlled every aspect of Southern Life during the Antebellum period. Cotton Ruled the South.

6. I. Issue of Slavery • Piedmont – most of Georgia’s cotton was produced in the Piedmont region.

7. I. Issue of Slavery • Life on a Plantation • Planters – people who owned the farm. • Overseers – People put in charge of the plantation in place of the planter. • Driver – a loyal slave who keeps other slaves in line. • Slaves – people who do most of the manual labor.

8. I. Issue of Slavery • Southern Social Class • Planters – owned plantations and multiple slaves. Controlled society. • Yeomen Farmers – Owned less than 100 acres. Few or no slaves. • Poor Whites – owned little land. • Slaves – worked in the service of others Planters Yeomen Farmers Slaves and Poor Whites

9. Ii. Economic considerations

10. II. Economic considerations • SECTIONALISM – the belief that the way of life in your region of the country is better or more important than in other parts of the country.

11. II. Economic considerations South North • Relied on Agriculture. • Most people worked long hours on farms. This included poor whites and slaves. • Relied on industry such as factories, mines, banks, and railroads. • Most people worked long hours for little pay

12. II. Economic considerations • Tariff – a tax on imported items. • Northerners – supported tariffs • Southerners – opposed tariffs • This is because Southerners would be forced to buy items from the North.

13. II. Economic Considerations • Nullification – Southerners believed that every state was SOVEREIGN and that STATES’ RIGHTS were important so they tried to NULLIFY laws that required them to pay tariffs. • Many discussed SECESSION

14. III. POLITICS AND SECTIONALISM

15. III. Politics and Sectionalism BALANCE OF POWERS: There was an equal number of slaves states and free states. This prevented any laws dealing with slavery from passing. But how do we admit new states?

16. III. Politics and sectionalism • Missouri Compromise – states must enter the Union in pairs. • Missouri entered the Union as a slave state • Maine entered the Union as a free state.

17. III. Politics and sectionalism • Compromise of 1850 • Gold discovered in California. • California enters the Union as a free state. • Texas enters the Union as a slave state.

18. III. Politics and Sectionalism • Kansas-Nebraska Act • Created Kansas and Nebraska • Decided to use POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY. People in each state voted on the slavery issue. • Bleeding Kansas – people from North and South moved to Kansas and fought over slavery.

19. III. Politics and Sectionalism • Georgia Platform • The General Assembly issued a statement saying that they put the “ideas” of the Constitution above the well-being of the whole country.

20. III. Politics and Sectionism • Dred Scott Decision • Dred Scott was a slave who sued his master to keep his freedom. • Supreme Court said slaves are property and have no right to sue. Dred Scott stayed a slave.

21. IV. Abolitionists

22. IV. Abolitionists • Famous Abolitionists • Harriet Beecher Stowe – wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Frederick Douglas – wrote an autobiography and edited The North Star • Sojourner Truth – fought for women’s rights and slaves rights.