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26.1 Early Years of the War

26.1 Early Years of the War. Main Idea In the first two years of the war, neither side gained a decisive victory over the other. Why It Matters Now A long war can cause much death and destruction and leave a bitter legacy. Standards.

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26.1 Early Years of the War

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  1. 26.1 Early Years of the War Main Idea In the first two years of the war, neither side gained a decisive victory over the other. Why It Matters Now A long war can cause much death and destruction and leave a bitter legacy.

  2. Standards • 8.10.5 Study the lives of leaders (e.g., Ulysses S. Grant, Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee) and soldiers on both of the war, including those of black soldiers and regiments. • 8.10.6 Describe critical developments and events in the war, including the major battles, geographical advantages and obstacles, technological advances, and General Lee’s surrender at Appomattox. • 8.10.7 Explain how the war affected combatants, civilians, the physical environment, and future warfare.

  3. Daily Guided Questions • Why did the Union army have such a hard time defeating the Confederate forces in the east? • Why was the Union army successful in winning the western campaign? • What advantages did Grant’s armies gain for the North?

  4. 1862/ Battles at Sea • Both navies battle it out. -South only have 130 naval ships. • Ironclads used as part of blockade, and used to break it. • March, famous battle between ironclads (USA Monitor v. CSA Merrimack or Virginia) end in a draw.

  5. 1862/ War in the West • General Ulysses S. Grant, “…hit them hard…keep moving…” • Plan to take Tennessee -Captures CSA forts, Ft. Henry and Ft. Donelson in Feb. -Opens river route into southern heartland by using ironclads.

  6. Battle of Shiloh • Heading south in April 1862, Grant is surprised by CSA General Albert S. Johnston. • Worst fighting of the war so far. -General William T. Sherman has three horses shot from under him. -Johnston killed. -CSA retreat. -13,000 USA and 11,000 CSA troops killed.

  7. Fall of New Orleans • Admiral David Farragut captures major port city. • After Grant and his victories, USA almost has total control of Mississippi River. • Vicksburg is the next goal.

  8. 1862/ War in the East • After the 1st Battle of Bull Run, new General George McClellan given control of army in the east. -Too cautious, trained his army for seven months. • Moves on to Richmond in March. -Stops and waits (one month) for more troops. -CSA reinforces army. • Lee fights McClellan, “Seven Day’s Battles”. • McClellan retreats.

  9. Lee’s Victories • After CSA victory at the Second Battle of Bull Run, Lee decides to invade the North in Sep. -Force Lincoln to talk peace. -CSA can rest during harvest. -CSA can plunder USA farms for food. -Prove to European countries to support CSA.

  10. Antietam, Sep. 1862 • Lee draws up plans for invasion of the North. -Officer wraps the plan around three cigars and leaves them behind. -Union troops find them and give them to McClellan. -Lee plans to split his army in two. • McClellan attacks Lee’s bigger army at Sharpsburg, MD.

  11. Cont. • In the end over 25,000 men will die. -12,000 Union troops lost. -14,000 CSA killed. -Lee loses 1/3 of army and retreats. • McClellan fails to pursue Lee into Virginia. -Angers Lincoln and fires him that November

  12. Letter Writing • Break you up into pairs (boy/girl). • Write a letter to one other. • If you’re male, pretend you are a soldier in the army or an army doctor. -Explain your everyday life, the battles you’ve been in, the awful things you have seen, & tell the person how much you miss them. • If you are a female, pretend you are back home. What are you doing? Taking care of the farm or business, working in a factory, or working as a nurse? -Explain the things you have seen, the struggles you are enduring, and how much you miss them.

  13. Any date, 1862 • Dear___________, • In over a hundred words write, use your notes and textbook to create your letter. • The second letter will connect more because you will exchange and read the first letter. With Love, Your Name Examples: Textbook pages 636-637 and 384.

  14. Study Guide pg. 179 • Copy and complete the study guide on page 179. • Use textbook page 398-410 to complete it.

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