1 / 14

United States Mobilization for War & Homefront

United States Mobilization for War & Homefront. Newly Created Government Provisions. Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, 1937 Isolationistic influence Neutrality Act of 1936 “Cash and Carry” Selective service act of October1940 Peacetime draft Conscientious O bjection Lend-Lease Act 1941

oakley
Download Presentation

United States Mobilization for War & Homefront

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. United States Mobilization for War& Homefront

  2. Newly Created Government Provisions • Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, 1937 • Isolationistic influence • Neutrality Act of 1936 • “Cash and Carry” • Selective service act of October1940 • Peacetime draft • Conscientious Objection • Lend-Lease Act 1941 • Economic declaration of war on Germany } Terms and Forms of Aid to Allied powers Robyn Weiner

  3. New Government Agencies • Office of War Information (OWI) 1942 • organized the distribution of war information to the public to help create means of understanding the war • War Production Board (WPB) 1942 • Oversaw industrial transformation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3eoE12ywDzA&feature=related

  4. More Agencies • Office of War and Mobilization 1942 • supervised efforts to distribute proper materials for converted industries, regulated production of civilian goods, established production contracts, negotiate organized labor, and controlled inflation • Woman’s Army Corps (WAC) 1943 • provided secretarial workers, truck drivers, instructors, and lab technicians

  5. War Bonds: What are they? • War Bonds are technically a personal loan to the US government • They are used to remove money from circulation and in turn reduce inflation • Offered in denominations $25 up to $10000, with limitations • Sold at 75% face value Erik Mahal

  6. War Bond Specifics • First called defense bonds until December 7 1941 • Many famous celebrities of the time were contracted by the government to sell War Bonds • The celebrity campaign netted over $838,540,000 worth of bonds • Was sold to FDR by Henry Morgenthau

  7. War Bonds Unite a Nation • Over 85 million citizens purchased war bonds • Totaling over 185.7 billion dollars • Sports teams events held special events • News Broadcasts (Kate Smith) • Civilian D-day when planes dropped posters • Norman Rockwell provided original art as advertising

  8. Propaganda in the U.S. • Propaganda was believed at first to be useless by US government • Robert E Sherwood and the Foreign Information Service determined that America needed to fight just as much with words • Office of War Information than took over the Propaganda ideas • Promoted US involvement, Military Enrollment, and War Bonds Sales

  9. Utilizing the Radio • John Houseman was the first producer of international US propaganda • Very theatrical and intense until invasion of North Africa in 1942 • Tone was than calm news reporting rather than over the top • Took more sobering stand point rather than alluding to enemy bestiality • Germans maintained alluding method and back fired when war turned

  10. Propaganda Posters • Cheapest and easiest media to produce • Leaned more towards facts rather than imaginative • Norman Rockwell, Ben Shahn and other famous artists of the time were contracted the government for their unique art styles • War Bond Posters were most abundent

  11. War Bonds Propaganda

  12. Problems and Conflicts • War contributed to increased prices and shortages in food, housing, gas, clothing, transportation • Standard of living decreased as a result • Increases in salary due to jobs created by the war did not improve purchasing power of most citizens • Many Americans were unhappy that they had to sacrifice so much • Wealthy lived luxuriously on products purchased on the newly created black market Jamie Campbell

  13. Problems: Rationing • Wartime rationing: • Sugar: May 1942 • Coffee November: 1942 • Canned Goods: March 1, 1943 (Meat and butter later that month) • Meat: 28oz. per person per week • Butter: 4oz. per person per week • Gasoline Rationing (May 1941): • Stickers distributed based on use of the vehicle (i.e. for workers commute, on the job use, pleasure, and emergency vehicles) • Labled “A” through “E” to indicate usage and amount of gasoline allowed for purchase • Led to suspicion and scandal

  14. Conflicts: Companies reaping benefits of war? • April 1943: the government declares 27 million workers "essential", forbidding them to leave their jobs • Many union members who committed to a no-strike pledge held protests • Protests concerned workers’ safety and working conditions • Many were “walkouts”

More Related