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Going Wireless : Broadband Architectures and Systems

Going Wireless : Broadband Architectures and Systems. Erwan Bigan, France Telecom - BD/CNET Work carried out by EURESCOM Project P614 Task 3 participants : Telenor, Sonera (Task leader), Telecom Ireland, DTAG Berkom, France Telecom. Outline. 25-50 Mbit/s. 1 Mbit/s. n*2 Mbit/s.

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Going Wireless : Broadband Architectures and Systems

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  1. Going Wireless : Broadband Architectures and Systems Erwan Bigan, France Telecom - BD/CNET Work carried out by EURESCOM Project P614 Task 3 participants : Telenor, Sonera (Task leader), Telecom Ireland, DTAG Berkom, France Telecom

  2. Outline 25-50 Mbit/s 1 Mbit/s n*2 Mbit/s • Radio access specifics • Broadband radio access : technologies, deployment scenarios • Evolution of broadband radio access

  3. Radio Access Specifics • Good things • Potentially, lower cost than wired techniques • depending on the environment and subscriber distribution • Invest as you grow • Fast deployment

  4. Radio Access Specifics • Issues • Spectrum availability • A number of frequency bands for broadband radio access : 3,5 GHz, 10 GHz, 26 GHz, 28 GHz, 40 GHz, ... • Harmonization effort from CEPT, but regulations vary from country to country • Operator must secure frequency allocation

  5. Radio Access Specifics • Issues • Propagation • Rain attenuation at high frequencies • Higher bit rates => wider bandwidths => higher frequencies • Above 10 GHz, line-of-sight is required • Only partial coverage • Accurate prediction of coverage area is required for planning and marketing

  6. Radio Access Specifics • Issues • Lack of maturity and standardisation • Narrowband WLL • Market ~1-2 million lines today, primarily for rural areas in developing countries • Standardised (DECT) and proprietary systems • Broadband WLL • Market : trials with few tens of customers, few commercial networks • Proprietary systems • Recent industrial take-overs : HP by Lucent, BNI by Nortel, TI by Bosch Telecom Inc., ...

  7. Broadband Radio Access Technologies • Fixed • Two-way systems • Terrestrial access : point-to-point (PP), point-to-multipoint (PMP, LMDS) • Broadband satellite : Teledesic • Broadcasting systems : fast Internet access possible with POTS return channel • Satellite TV • Terrestrial : MMDS, digital TV • Mobile • UMTS, Mobile Broadband System (MBS) • Radio LAN

  8. Broadband Radio Access Technologies : Fixed broadband PMP 3,5 GHz, 10,5 GHz, 26 GHz LMDS 28 GHz, 40 GHz MMDS, MVDS 2,5 GHz, 40 GHz 25-50 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 1 Mbit/s n*2 Mbit/s Small and Medium-sized businesses Trials, few commercial networks (~ tens of customers) TV, Internet (POTS return link) ~6 million customers worldwide Internet, ISDN, leased lines, ... ~ Full Service Access Network In development, trials

  9. Fixed Radio Access : Deployment Scenarios

  10. Fixed Radio Access : Deployment Scenarios • cost per customer = (BS cost/# of customers per BS) + CPE cost • Range : The higher the range, the lower the cost per customer (provided there is no capacity limitation) • P-MP cheaper than P-P only if there are enough customers to bring the shared base station cost down • MMDS cheaper than LMDS for Internet access, but requires POTS return channel • CPE cost : should be comparable to the incremental cost per customer of alternative access techniques (e.g. pair of ADSL modems vs. LMDS CPE)

  11. Broadband Radio Access Technologies : RLANs • Primarily designed for indoor business environments, butoutdoor scenarios may be envisioned Range 50-100 m Hiperlan t1 5 GHz 25 Mbit/s Products 1999-2000 IEEE 802.11 2,4 GHz 1-2 Mbit/s Off-the-shelf Gross bit rate Maturity Wired LAN

  12. RLANs : Deployment Scenarios • License-free point-to-point radio relay • Directional antenna at each end • Fixed wireless Internet access • Directional antenna at the CPE • Wireless Internet access from portable terminals in «hot spots» (airports, exhibitions halls, gas stations, ...)

  13. RLANs : Deployment Scenarios • Regulatory issues • Power limitations may reduce the range : ETSI has more stringent rules than FCC • Outdoor vs. indoor use • 2.4 GHz in public places may be prohibited (e.g. France) • 5.2 GHz : sharing with MSS will likely restrict Hiperlan t1 to indoor environments • Architectural issues • Developments required to interface current RLANs with public networks (authentication, billing, interconnection with wired networks, ...)

  14. Evolution of Broadband Radio Access : Standardisation • DAVIC • LMDS standard finalised in 1996 • ETSI • DVB-RC : a close alternative to DAVIC LMDS, finalised in 1998 • BRAN • Hiperaccess : targeted level of standardisation still unclear (interoperability vs. mere coexistence) • Hiperlan type 2 : standard to be finalised in 1999 • 5 GHz, ~20 Mbit/s, COFDM PHY : likely convergence with IEEE 802.11 • ATM, IP, and UMTS bearer services

  15. Evolution of Broadband Radio Access : Standardisation • IEEE 802.11 • 5 GHz, ~20 Mbit/s, COFDM PHY : likely convergence with Hiperlan t2 • 2.4 GHz, 10 Mbit/s • ATM Forum • Mobility support (handover, location) on wired ATM networks

  16. Evolution of Broadband Radio Access: Issues for further study • Hybrid fiber radio systems • Seamless integration of PON and radio access through direct optical / microwave conversion (e.g. ACTS FRANS project) • Stratospheric platforms • Better coverage and lower rain attenuation than LMDS (high elevation angle) • Lower delay and better link margin than LEO due to lower altitude (~ 20 km) • Airship technology remains to be demonstrated

  17. Conclusion • Fast deployment, «invest as you grow» = key advantages for new operators • More work required on the economics of broadband radio access • Operators should promote further standardisation, to help bringing this technology to maturity

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