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HAZMAT Awareness

HAZMAT Awareness. First Responder Awareness. UNIT 1 - “Preparation”. Identify OSHA and EPA training requirements Identify the role of the Awareness Level First Responder Identify the roles of the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) and the State Emergency Response Commission (SERC).

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HAZMAT Awareness

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  1. HAZMAT Awareness

  2. First Responder Awareness UNIT 1 - “Preparation”

  3. Identify OSHA and EPA training requirements • Identify the role of the Awareness Level First Responder • Identify the roles of the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) and the State Emergency Response Commission (SERC) Unit Objectives

  4. Defined in numerous ways • U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) • U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) • Simplified Definition • Extremely Hazardous Substances Hazardous Materials

  5. Hazardous Materials Incidents “Haz-Mat” incidents are unique incidents. They require specialized protective measures not normally available to first responders AND they demand a different operational approach!

  6. T.E.A.M. C.P.R. Thermal Chemical Etiological Psychological Asphyxiation Radiological Mechanical Mechanisms of Harm

  7. Public safety responders have a “Duty to Act”. • Your level of involvement is defined by your employer’s Emergency Response Plan (ERP). • The actions you are expected to take should be in Standard Operating Procedure format. • NEVER exceed your level of training and protection! Public Safety “Duty to Act”

  8. Recognition Isolation Protection Notification Awareness Level Response Goals

  9. North American Emergency Response Guidebook

  10. Your tool for success. • Every emergency vehicle should have a copy. • Purpose: • An aid for identification of the material involved. • Outlines basic initial actions. • Recommends protective action areas. • Serves as an initial incident safety plan.

  11. Superfund Amendments and Re-Authorization Act of 1986 (SARA 1986). • SARA Title I, Section 126 mandated OSHA to develop safety regulations for responders. • SARA Title III requires local communities and facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous materials emergencies. Legal Mandates

  12. Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HazWOPER)

  13. OSHA and EPA’s safety standard which was developed in accordance with the mandate of SARA Title I, Section 126. • Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311. • Enforced in Iowa by the Iowa Occupational Safety and Health Administration as well as OSHA and EPA.

  14. First Responder Awareness Level • First Responder Operational Level • Hazardous Materials Technician • Hazardous Materials Specialist • Hazardous Materials Incident Commander Five Levels of Training

  15. Awareness and Operational level responders take DEFENSIVE actions. • Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE actions. • The Incident Commander coordinates the response and is ultimately responsible for safety. Operational Modes

  16. Definition and difference • T.E.A.M. C.P.R. lists the potential hazards • Duty to Act • Four roles for awareness responders R.I.P. NOT! • Employer’s Emergency Response Plan • Five levels of training • Two operational modes Unit Summary

  17. First Responder Awareness Level Training Unit 2 - “Hazard Identification”

  18. Unit 2 - Hazard Identification Unit Objectives: Identify the six clues to the presence of hazardous materials. Identify the various hazard classes of hazardous materials. Describe ways in which you can determine the specific identity of a hazardous material.

  19. Recognition Isolation Protection Notification Remember your four goals!

  20. 1 - Occupancy and location 2 - Container shape and size 3 - Placards and labels 4 - Shipping papers/facility documents 5 - Markings and colors 6 - Human senses Six Basic Clues to Recognition

  21. Specific occupancy or general area • Fixed facilities • Five modes of hazardous materials transportation • Rail, air, marine, highway and pipeline • Drug lab considerations Clue # 1 - Occupancy and Location

  22. Classifications • Portable, fixed or transportation • Pressure • Non-pressurized, low or high pressure • Vapor Pressure and Storage • The higher the pressure, the greater the potential for catastrophic failure • BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) a.k.a. Blast Leveling Everything Very Effectively Clue # 2 - Container Shape and Size

  23. Placards and their limitations • Not always required • The 1000 pound rule • Placards and labels used for transport are based upon DOT Hazard Class • Nine Hazard Classes • Subdivided into divisions • Refer to page 11 of 1996 ERG Clue # 3 - Placards and Labels

  24. Subdivided into 6 divisions 1.1 - Mass explosion hazard 1.2 - Projectile hazard 1.3 - Fire, minor blast or projectile 1.4 - Minor explosion 1.5 - Very insensitive explosives 1.6 - Extremely insensitive Hazard Class 1 - Explosives

  25. Pressurized or liquefied • Compressed nitrogen and liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) are examples • Product and container present hazards • Three Subdivisions • 2.1 - Flammable gases • 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Poisonous • 2.3 - Poisonous Gases Hazard Class 2 - Gases

  26. Flammable Liquids can be ignited at room temperature • Combustible Liquids require some degree of pre-heating to ignite • Number 1 rule - eliminate ignition sources Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

  27. Three subdivisions 4.1 - Flammable Solids 4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible 4.3 - Dangerous when wet Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

  28. Oxidizers release oxygen to enhance or intensify burn • With strong fuels, oxidizers can create conditions which which can lead to violent combustion • Many Organic Peroxides are very unstable Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

  29. Poisonous to human • Can include severely irritating substances • “Tear Gas”, Hydrocyanic acid, Carbon Tetrachloride • Infectious Substances • Potential to cause diseases in humans • Anthrax, human blood and many body fluids Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious Substances

  30. Ionizing radiation hazard • Exposure does not always result in contamination • Safety Rules: • Time, Distance and Shielding • Shipped in specialized containers Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

  31. Hazard Class 8 - Corrosives

  32. ORM A - Dry Ice • ORM B - Quick Lime, Metallic mercury • ORM C - Asphalt, Battery parts • ORM D - Consumer commodities • ORM E - Hazardous substances and hazardous wastes Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

  33. Product name • Active ingredients • Signal word • Caution • Warning • Danger (Poison) • Precautionary statements Pesticide Labels

  34. Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

  35. Required to be maintained by the Federal Hazard Communication Standard and The Florida Right-to-Know Law • Found at fixed facilities • Provides a variety of information • Emergency Response Plans (ERP) • Emergency Action Plans (EAP) Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

  36. Container colors are not always standardized • UN/NA identification numbers • NFPA 704 Diamond • Military markings Clue # 5 - Markings and Colors

  37. Clue # 6 - Human Senses High TASTE TOUCH SMELL SIGHT SOUND RISK LEVEL Low

  38. Once you recognize, try to identify • Location of material name • Shipping papers • MSDS’s (fixed facilities) • Facility Pre-Plans • Employees and bystanders • If you cannot safely identify, try to classify the material into a hazard class Methods of Identification

  39. Goals of recognition and identification • Recognize, Classify, Identify • Six clues to the presence of hazardous materials • Occupancy and location, container shape and size, placards and labels, shipping papers and facility documents, markings and colors, the human senses • There are nine general classes of hazardous materials Unit Summary

  40. First Responder Awareness Level Training Unit 3 - “Taking Control”

  41. Identify the procedures for initiating your Emergency Response Plan. • Identify the proper procedures for implementing protective action distances. • Take actions necessary to properly isolate the incident. Objectives

  42. North American Emergency Response Guidebook • Origin • Goal • Purpose & Limitations NA-ERG

  43. Recognize & Identify Hazardous Materials • Name • Four digit ID number • Placard description • Look up the guide page number • Take basic protective actions according to the guide page • Initiate isolation and evacuation according to protective action distances Steps for Proper Use of the ERG

  44. Your approach • Your main objectives • Isolate • Protect by preventing contamination • Initiate your Emergency Response Plan (Notify) Basic Protective Actions

  45. Proper Guide Page Use

  46. Table of Protective Action Distances

  47. Shelter in-place • Short duration incidents • Greater hazard to attempt to move • Impractical to evacuate • Evacuation • Potential for massive fire or explosion • Long duration incidents Protective Action Options

  48. Firefighting • Definition of “Haz-Mat Fire” • Defensive Vs. Offensive • Role of the awareness responder • Spill / Leak Control • Not an awareness level role • First Aid • Remember to prevent secondary contamination Emergency Response Information

  49. ERG provides guidelines • You can find a guide page by: • Name, ID number or placard comparison • Basic instructions - page 1 • Two indexes • Orange guide pages • Green protective action pages Summary

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