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Attracting and Protecting Butterflies

Attracting and Protecting Butterflies. Paul Guillebeau, Ph.D. UGA Entomology bugman@uga.edu. Butterfly Life Cycle. Egg – a few days Larva – a few weeks Wandering phase – looking for a place to pupate Pupa – variable Adult – a few weeks. Overwintering.

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Attracting and Protecting Butterflies

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  1. Attracting and Protecting Butterflies Paul Guillebeau, Ph.D. UGA Entomology bugman@uga.edu

  2. Butterfly Life Cycle • Egg – a few days • Larva – a few weeks • Wandering phase – looking for a place to pupate • Pupa – variable • Adult – a few weeks

  3. Overwintering • Different types of Lepidoptera spend the winter in each life stage • Some do not overwinter; they spend the winter in warmer climates

  4. General Principles • Larval food – Depends on species • Adult food – Continuous nectar sources • Other adult needs • Water • Minerals • Places to rest – diversity of plants • Places to bask in the sun - stones

  5. General Principles • Don’t use insecticides on larval or adult food sources • Most insecticides are broad spectrum • Even Bacillus thuringiensis is dangerous for any caterpillars that eat it • “Safe” insecticides include soaps and oils

  6. General Principles • Adult attracted to red, yellow, orange, pink and purple blossoms that are flat-topped, clustered, and have short flower tubes. • Adults feed in sunshine • Water/mineral sources must be shallow

  7. Adult Puddling • A shallow pan filled with sand or small stones • Add water, soil, manure, overripe fruit, a little salt, sports drinks, stale beer, etc. • Make sure it is safe from cats

  8. Good Butterfly Plants • Zinnias, lantana, buddleia, marigolds, tithonia (Mexican sunflower), milkweeds, verbenas and many mint plants • Diversity is good • Native plants are important • Co-evolution of plants and butterflies • Butterflies may be fooled – larvae don’t survive • http://www.wildflower.org/collections/

  9. Common Georgia Butterflies • Monarch • Larval food - Milkweed

  10. Spicebush Swallowtail • Larval food – spicebush, sassafrass

  11. Tiger Swallowtail • Larval food - tulip poplar, green ash, white ash, sweet bay, wild cherry

  12. Black Swallowtail • Larval food - dill, fennel, parsley and Queen Anne’s lace

  13. Giant Swallowtail • Larval food – citrus

  14. Pipevine Swallowtail • Larval food - pipevine, snakeroot

  15. Gulf Fritillary • Larval food - mollypop or maypop, green passionflower or other passionflowers

  16. Long Tailed Skipper • Larval food – members of bean family • beggar's tick (Desmodium spp.), hog peanut (Amphicarpa bracteata), kudzu (Pueraria lobata), and wisteria (Wisteria sinensis), and edibles such as garden peas (Pisum sativa) and various kinds of beans

  17. Silver Spotted Skipper

  18. Painted Lady • Larval food - thistle

  19. Mourning Cloak • Larval food - willows, elms

  20. Gray Hairstreak • Larval food - beans, clover

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