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MOGHULS: TOLERANCE AND INTOLERANCE

MOGHULS: TOLERANCE AND INTOLERANCE. NO, NOT THESE MOGULS. THESE MOGULS. WHO WERE THE MOGHULS?. MUSLIM DESCENDANTS OF MONGOLS INVADED FROM CENTRAL ASIA, CONQUERED NORTH INDIA IN 1500s EVENTUALLY CONQUERED MOST OF INDIAN SUBCONTINENT LEFT THEIR MARK IN MANY WAYS

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MOGHULS: TOLERANCE AND INTOLERANCE

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  1. MOGHULS: TOLERANCE AND INTOLERANCE

  2. NO, NOT THESE MOGULS

  3. THESE MOGULS

  4. WHO WERE THE MOGHULS? • MUSLIM DESCENDANTS OF MONGOLS • INVADED FROM CENTRAL ASIA, CONQUERED NORTH INDIA IN 1500s • EVENTUALLY CONQUERED MOST OF INDIAN SUBCONTINENT • LEFT THEIR MARK IN MANY WAYS • THEIR DECLINE LED TO BRITISH RULE

  5. BABUR • Conquered Sultans of Delhi and defeated the Rajputs (Hindu warriors) to conquer northern India in 1500s • Used religion to whip up his troops: called it a jihad (holy war), and smashed his wine collection

  6. AKBAR • Became emperor when his father fell down stairs & died • Married into Rajput royalty and had 300 wives from other groups to insure peace. • Tolerant of all religions, celebrated Hindu as well as Muslim holidays. • Tried to start his own religion by combining elements of several others. • Promoted learning at his court, though he was illiterate • Abolished tax on non-Muslims • Greatly admired today in India

  7. JAHANGIR • Also tolerant • Three grandchildren converted to Christianity • Allowed Jesuits to work in empire • Note King James I in England in left hand corner. How do you think the Moghul emperor felt about his position relative to Europeans?

  8. SHAH JEHAN

  9. TAJ MAHAL • 20 years to build • 20,000 workers • Blended Hindu and Muslim architecture • Tomb of Mumtaz Mahal, wife of emperor

  10. THE PEACOCK THRONE • Said to be most expensive object of last thousand years • 2500 pounds of gold • Shah Jehan favored Muslims, did not allow non-Muslim temples to be repaired or built.

  11. AURANGZEB (ruled 1658-1707) • Rare example of an intolerant Indian ruler • Reinstated the tax on non-Muslims • Instituted Islamic law (sharia) throughout empire • Destroyed thousands of Hindu temples • Alienated Hindu traders, caused rebellions • Constantly at war • His death created a power vacuum that allowed British to take advantage.

  12. DECLINE

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