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Comparative Skeletal Systems & External Anatomy of Livestock and Poultry

Comparative Skeletal Systems & External Anatomy of Livestock and Poultry. By: Alisa Kowalski & Brian Sobecki. Skeleton. Bone - Hard Tissue, mostly calcium, provides support and makes Red Blood Cells

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Comparative Skeletal Systems & External Anatomy of Livestock and Poultry

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  1. Comparative Skeletal Systems & External Anatomy of Livestock and Poultry By: Alisa Kowalski & Brian Sobecki

  2. Skeleton • Bone- Hard Tissue, mostly calcium, provides support and makes Red Blood Cells • Cartilage- Shiny, white, hard tissue, found at end of long bones and prevents bones from grinding against each other

  3. Skeleton • Ligament- Strong, white bands of tissue that connect two bones together at a joint • Marrow-Soft tissue filling the spongy interiors of bones • Tendon- Shiny, white bands of tissue that connect muscles to bone

  4. Skeleton • Framework of Hard Tissue • Gives Support • Protects Soft Tissue • Serves as Levers in Movement

  5. Skeleton • Number of Bones Varies with Age and Species • Bones May be described as.. • Long • Flat • Short • Irregular

  6. Bone Structure • Compact • Contains Vessels, Nerves and Marrow • Can Repair Itself • Organic Material Gives Elasticity • Inorganic Matter Gives Rigidity

  7. Axial Skeleton • Skull • Nasal Cavity • Mandible • Sinuses • Temporal bone • Turbinates (cartilaginous bone) • ex: Nose

  8. Axial Skeleton • Spinal Column- Vertibrae • Protects Spinal Cord • Contains: • Cervical or Neck Area • Involved with Head and Neck Movement • Most flexible part of the Axial Skeleton

  9. Spinal Column-Vertebrae • Thoracic Area- “Shoulders” • Upper Wall of Chest Cavity • Ribs are Attached • Peaks at Summit of Wither • Limited Movement and Flexibility

  10. Spinal Column-Vertebrae • Lumbar group- “Lower Back” • Usually includes vertebra • Framework for loin area • More flexibility than thoracic but less than cervical

  11. Spinal Column-Vertebrae • Sacral Group- “Rump” • Several Vertebrae fused into one bone- Sacrum • Highest point of the group • Connected by a firm joint with the hip (pelvis) bones on each side of sacrum

  12. Spinal Column-Vertebrae • Coccygeal- “Tail” • 15-20 Vertibrae • Essentially no Spinal Cord

  13. Appendicular Skeleton • Locomotion • Eating • Defense • Connected to Axial Skeleton by Muscles &/or Bony Joints • Contains:

  14. Foreleg • Contains: • Scapula- Shoulder Blade • Humerus • Radius and Ulna • Fused Together • Connected with Humerus to Make Elbow Joint

  15. Foreleg • Carpal Bones- the knee bones • Absorbs and Dissapates Concussive Actions • Metacarpal Bones • Phalanges • Sesmoids • Distal or Navicular Bones

  16. Hind Leg • Contains: • Femur- thigh bone • Patella- bone in front of stifle joint • Tibia & Fibula • Contains Tarsus- “Hock” • Metatarsus • Phalages • Sesamoids

  17. Parts of A Horse

  18. Horse Skeleton

  19. Parts of a Beef Animal

  20. Parts of a Dairy Cow

  21. Cow Skeleton

  22. Parts of a Hog

  23. Skeleton of the Swine

  24. Parts of a Sheep

  25. Parts of A Chicken

  26. Skeleton of A Chicken

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