Specificity of Enzymes

1. Specificity of Enzymes Lock n’ Key vs. Induced Fit Lock n’ Key • Lock and key: Suggests that Every enzyme has ONE specific substrate • Induced fit: Enzymes can “accept” or bend to fit substrate that is not an exact match. Induced Fit How are these two enzyme theories different? What is the same?

2. Specificity of Enzymes: Lock and Key http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-_r3omrnxw

3. Specificity of Enzymes: Induced Fit

4. Substrate Enzyme e – s Complex

5. Enzyme Activity How fast an enzyme is working Rate of Reaction Enzymes are very picky: work only in specific conditions

6. Enzyme activity Four Variables

7. Enzyme activity Temperature pH Four Variables Enzyme Concentration Substrate Concentration

8. Temperature Rate of Reaction

9. Temperature Rate of Reaction 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

10. Temperature 5- 40oC Increase in Activity 40oC - denatures Rate of Reaction 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 <5oC - inactive

11. Effect of heat on enzyme activty If you heat the protein above its optimal temperature bonds break meaning the protein loses it secondary and tertiary structure Even if temperature lowered – enzyme can’t regain its correct shape Think Cooked Eggs

12. Effects of Temperature on Enzymes Why does the temperature have an affect on enzymes?

14. pH: Acidity Rate of Reaction 1 5 7 8 9 2 3 4 6

15. pH: Acidity Narrow pH optima Rate of Reaction 1 5 7 8 9 2 3 4 6 What does this graph tell you about enzymes?

16. Enzyme Concentration Rate of Reaction

17. Enzyme Concentration Rate of Reaction Enzyme Concentration

18. Substrate Concentration Rate of Reaction

19. Substrate Concentration Rate of Reaction Substrate Concentration

20. Substrate Concentration Active sites full Rate of Reaction Substrate Concentration

21. DO NOW Macromolecule that can act as enzymes are ______________________ A. carbohydrates B. lipids C. Nucleic acids D. proteins Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by _________________________ A. decreasing the activation energy B. increasing the activation energy C. making more hydrogen bonds D. changing the pH of the solution Name two (2) environmental conditions that can cause proteins (enzymes) to change their shape. Many genetic diseases result from the production of enzymes that are not shaped correctly. How does changing in an enzyme’s shape cause it to work poorly or not at all?

22. MATCH EACH COMPONENT IN THE ENZYME CATALYZED REACTION BELOW WITH ITS NAME BY WRITING THE LETTER ON THE LINE PROVIDED. _____ PRODUCTS _____ SUBSTRATE _____ ACTIVE SITE _____ ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX _____ ENZYME

23. Enzyme Mini Project • In this assignment you are responsible for submitting a creative assessment by the end of class. • The project you choose must contain the following, with the maximum amount of details to receive a good grade. _______________________________________________________________ • Side A) Enzymes / Catalysts • 1) our description or definition and some examples of a catalyst and an enzyme. • 2) How enzymes and catalysts are related. • 3) Explain how catalysts work. Must include activation energy. • 4) Briefly describe the function of an enzyme. Side B) Enzyme Specificity Name and describe the two types of enzyme specificity theories we spoke of. Explain what enzyme specificity is and what factors affect enzymes function. Be sure to include acidity and temperature. 3) Give an example of enzyme specificity.

24. Enzyme Mini Project • You have the option of what you would like to do now: Pick one of the forms below. • In your assignment talk about the following things (it’s up to you to pick which you feel you would complete the best) • 1) Write a “10 minute paper” • 2) Create a comic strip or picture (draw and labeling) • 3) Create a concept map (organizing vocabulary) • 4) Complete a “Noting what I’ve learned” (on next page) • 5) Create a brochure • 6) Other ideas? If you can come up with something else, make suggestions All you need are your notes and text book. You may use laptops if you have them.

25. Concept Map