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Hereditary Vs Environment

Hereditary Vs Environment. The Debate Continues. General Information. Inherited characteristics carried by genes 200,000 trillion Genes are carried on chromosomes 23 pair 22pair of autosomes 1 pair sex-linked. Genetics continued. Hereditary creates “likeness” Not sameness

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Hereditary Vs Environment

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  1. Hereditary Vs Environment The Debate Continues

  2. General Information • Inherited characteristics carried by genes • 200,000 trillion • Genes are carried on chromosomes • 23 pair • 22pair of autosomes • 1 pair sex-linked

  3. Genetics continued • Hereditary creates “likeness” • Not sameness • Ex. Fraternal twins • Brother & sister • Potential determined by hereditary • Environment impacts how close we get • Meet / exceed/ underachieve

  4. Genetic Terms • Genes are dominant or recessive • Rule --- Exception • Eye color • Control many factors • Eye shape/ color • Ear lobes • nose shape • Hair: color, thickness

  5. Lip thickness • Widows peak • Tasters vs. non-tasters • New Born is something new/ unique • Eye color example

  6. Example • DAD MOM • Bb Bb • Possibilities • BB Brown (pure) Homozygous Dominant • Bb Brown( mixed) Heterozygous • bB Brown (mixed0 Heterozygous • bb Blue (pure) Homozygous Recessive

  7. Eye Color • Phenotype • Chance for brown eyes 3:1 • What we see • Genotype • What is genetically present • 1:2:1 • Green / Hazel eyes

  8. Eye Color • One blue/ one brown • Sporadic mutation • Identical twins • Other species

  9. Birth Rates • 106 males to 100 females • Age 20 equal • Age 50 100 Woman to 85 men • Age 85 Five woman to one man • Male ( XY) Female (XX) • Options 50/ 50 • Sex Linked Traits

  10. Sex Linked Traits • Color Blindness • Baldness • Hemophilia

  11. Old Wives Tales • Control or influence sex of the baby • Month conceived/ born • Eat sugar • Conception after menstration • Eat lots of meat

  12. Factors Affecting the Fetus • Maternal Nutrition • Maternal Infection • Drugs • Legal/ Prescribed • Illegal • RH Factor • Prematurity

  13. Prematurity • Smoking • Alcohol “ Fetal Alcohol Syndrome “ • Rates • Industrial vs. Third world • USA 7.6 % England 6.5 % • Japan 10% • India 35 %

  14. Miracle of Near Perfect Birth • Karotype • Genetic Aberrations • PKU • Sporadic Mutation • Marfan’s Syndrome • Down’s Syndrome

  15. Amniocentesis • Pre-Natal Diagnosis • Sonogram • Alpha Fetal Protein • Age 35 • Family History • Previous pregnancy • miscarriages • Fertility drugs

  16. Chromosomal Abnormalities • Deletion • Translocation : trisomy “21” • Ring Chromosome • Turners Syndrome (F) • no ovaries • Kleinfelders XXY Super male • Super Female XXX

  17. Summary • Genes • Familial Traits • Near perfect birth • Family history • Medicines • Diet • Exercise

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