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Indian Removal: Resistance, Impacts, Lessons

Indian Removal: Resistance, Impacts, Lessons. Prof. Greg O’Brien Department of History University of Southern Mississippi. Cherokee Removal. Cherokee Sovereignty: Written Constitution, 1827 Land sales to non-Cherokees illegal, punishable by death Written Language Sequoyah Newspaper

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Indian Removal: Resistance, Impacts, Lessons

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  1. Indian Removal: Resistance, Impacts, Lessons Prof. Greg O’Brien Department of History University of Southern Mississippi

  2. Cherokee Removal • Cherokee Sovereignty: • Written Constitution, 1827 • Land sales to non-Cherokees illegal, punishable by death • Written Language • Sequoyah • Newspaper • Economic success • Plantations, Slaves, Cotton • Education • Politically astute Cherokee Phoenix Newspaper

  3. Cherokees Resist Removal John Ross, Chief of the Cherokee Nation • John Ross • Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 1831 • Worcester v. Georgia, 1832 • Betrayal by an aspiring elite: • Treaty of New Echota, 1835 • the Ridges, Elias Boudinot, Stand Watie, etc. • Forced Removal, 1838 Trail of Tears

  4. Seminole Resistance • Ft. Moultrie Treaty, 1823 Removal: • Treaty of Payne’s Landing, 1832 • Seminole leaders inspect Indian Territory • Apalachicola Treaty, 1832 • This group moved to Texas • Treaty of Ft. Gibson (Indian Territory), 1833 • Merger with Creeks • Fraudulent?

  5. 2nd Seminole War, 1835-1842 • Resistance to forced removal • Role of escaped slaves / African Seminoles • Osceola as symbol • Captured Oct 21, 1837 • Died of malaria Jan 20, 1838 • Costs

  6. Banishing People

  7. Another view of Indian Removal

  8. Creating the Antebellum South • Mississippi’s and Alabama’s “Flush Times” • Expansion of Cotton & Slavery Indian land cessions in Mississippi

  9. From an Indian South to an American South Cotton Production 1820 – 1840.

  10. Implications for U.S. History

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