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Groundwater

Groundwater. The World’s Water. Groundwater Vocabulary. Aquifer Aquitard Zone of Aeration Zone of Saturation Water table Recharge zone. Groundwater: Water held in the ground. Groundwater is water under Earth’s surface in soil or rock.

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Groundwater

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  1. Groundwater

  2. The World’s Water

  3. Groundwater Vocabulary • Aquifer • Aquitard • Zone of Aeration • Zone of Saturation • Water table • Recharge zone

  4. Groundwater: Water held in the ground • Groundwater is water under Earth’s surface in soil or rock. • The layer of rock or soil that holds groundwater is called an aquifer. • A layer of rock or soil that slows the flow of groundwater (but still holds it!!) is an aquitard

  5. Ogallala Aquifer

  6. Types of Aquifers • Unconfined Aquifer: • An unconfined aquifer is open to the earth’s surface, bottom bound by an aquitard • Not under pressure • Usually shallow aquifers • Confined Aquifer: • A confined aquifer is a sandwiched between two aquitards • Under pressure • Usually deep aquifers • Associated with artesian wells

  7. So where does all this groundwater come from? • RECHARGE AREAS- areas where ground water percolates into the earth

  8. The Water Table • Zone of Aeration: Area between water table and surface that can still hold more water. AKA: unsaturated zone • Zone of Saturation: Area where all the pore spaces in the ground are filled with water. • Water Table: Surface of the zone of saturation

  9. How can you tell where the water table is? • WELLS • A hole in the earth from which water is drawn • Wells tell the level of the water table—water will rise within the well to the level of the water table

  10. Groundwater feeds wells and rivers

  11. Saltwater Intrusion

  12. Subsidence

  13. Groundwater Characteristics • Groundwater is: • usually cool • contains minerals from the rock and soil it passes through (influenced by: Rock type, distance traveled, water temperature) • HARD WATER: lots of dissolved ions (especially calcium and magnesium) • SOFT WATER: few dissolved ions

  14. References • http://www.fayettecountygroundwater.com/educational_info.htm • Cone of depression • http://hays.outcrop.org/gsci100/lecture41s.html • Saltwater intrusion • http://www.aegweb.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=4076 • subsidence

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