1 / 18

GUNGAHLIN COLLEGE

GUNGAHLIN COLLEGE. Human Movement SPORTS INJURIES Head, Spinal and Concussion. HEAD INJURY PREVENTION. There are a number of protective devices available for the head region, depending upon the sport: HELMETS: baseball/softball batters, horse riding, ice hockey

ondrea
Download Presentation

GUNGAHLIN COLLEGE

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. GUNGAHLIN COLLEGE Human Movement SPORTS INJURIES Head, Spinal and Concussion

  2. HEAD INJURY PREVENTION • There are a number of protective devices available for the head region, depending upon the sport: • HELMETS: baseball/softball batters, horse riding, ice hockey • FACE MASKS: baseball/softball catchers, hockey and ice hockey goal keepers • MOUTHGUARDS: worn by all athletes playing contact sports • EYE PROTECTION: squash, racquet ball, water polo, boxing

  3. ALL HEAD INJURIES MUST BE REFERRED TO A DOCTOR FOR ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT.

  4. Head, Neck & Spinal Injuries Head • Potentially dangerous • Always require medical attention Fractures • Indirect/Direct • Base of the skull • Severe – multiple cracking

  5. Head • Brain – about 1.4kg men & 1.25kg women The brain is protected by: The skull • A complex layer of connective tissue coverings between the brain and the skull • A layer of fluid between these connective tissue coverings and the skull • There are also blood vessels between the surface of the brain and the skull

  6. Head Injuries Concussion – memory loss or reduced level of consciousness • It is the result of the brain being excessively shaken • Caused by blow to the head or neck Compression • Excess pressure on part of the brain • Caused by: • Depressed skull fracture • Build up of fluids Contusion • Various degrees of bruising on the brain. Symptoms are similar to those of concussion but tend to last longer

  7. Signs and Symptoms of Brain Injury • Symptoms of a brain injury • Headache • Disorientation • Drowsiness • Nausea • Altered responses to commands/touch • Wounds to face/scalp • Fluid escaping nose/ears • Blurred vision/pupils Signs of a brain injury • Loss of consciousness • Vomiting • Seizures • Slurred speech

  8. Spinal Injuries Caused by: • Falls from height • Direct blow to the spine • Penetrating injury • Diving/surfing activities • High speed accidents • Sudden acceleration/deceleration injuries • Being hit from falling/travelling object

  9. Signs and Symptoms of Spinal Injuries • Symptoms • Back or neck pain • Tenderness over site of injury • Tingling or lack of feeling in the limbs • Muscle spasm in the neck and back • Headache Signs • Breathing difficulties • Profuse bleeding from the head • Dilated pupils • Fluid – ears • Abnormal BP • Shock • Loss of consciousness

  10. Management • Treat all cases as life threatening: • DRABC • Immobilisation

  11. Mouth and tooth injuries Direct blows, falls, bitten lips or tongue, stings around mouth, incorrect fitting of mouth guards

  12. Signs and symptoms • Bleeding from the mouth, gums, lips, tongue or tooth socket • Broken or displaced tooth • Swelling / Pain

  13. Managment • Assess the injury • Blood going down throat / possible swelling / loose tooth etc • Control any bleeding promptly • Apply firm pressure with sterile dressing to the socket. Cut lip use moist dressing • Teeth that are reinserted into their socket within 20 minshave the best chance of surviving

  14. If tooth has been knocked out... • Rinse clean and replace holding the crown – then bite into clean gauze or hold with finger • If not possible, keep moist and clean – • 1 - Bathed in athlete’s saliva • 2 - Milk • 3 - Water • Obtain urgent dental assistance

  15. If a baby tooth has been knocked out, ignore previous advice – However, see a dentist in case damage has occurred to the permanent tooth in the jaw.

  16. Concussion • “a clinical syndrome characterised by immediate and transient post-traumatic impairment of neural function, such as alteration of consciousness, disturbance of vision and equilibrium due to brain stem involvement” • A wide variety of neurological symptoms may be experienced, but none are permanent. • It is not necessary that loss of consciousness occurs.

  17. Classification of Concussion • GRADE 1. (mild). • No LOC with post traumatic amnesia (PTA) of less than 30 min. • GRADE 2. (moderate). • LOC less than 5 min or PTA greater than 30 min. • GRADE 3. (severe). • LOC greater than 5 min or PTA greater than 24 hours. • PTA is the period of loss of memory of the concussive event and subsequent events until full recall of recent events is regained.

  18. Concussion Rules • Athletes who have lost consciousness should: • Receive a medical clearance before resuming training or comp • Once cleared – follow a plan of graduated return to gentle exercise  non contact  contact. Any headache – reassessment • Pass a skills test before returning to full training and comp

More Related