Accelerator Commissioning

1. Accelerator Commissioning F. Willeke Accelerator Systems Director NSLS-II Program Advisory Committee Meeting February 8-9, 2011

2. Overview • Overview of Commissioning Activities in the last 12 months • Overall Commissioning Schedule • Authorization Procedure (Reminder) • Injector Commissioning • LINAC Commissioning • Storage Ring Commissioning • Pentant Tests with Beam • Data and Document needed for commissioning

3. 2010 Activities on Commissioning Planning Aug 2009: Start concept of structuring the authorization base (Steve Hoey) Nov 2009: First version of comprehensive assumptions document (FW) Dec 2009: Presentation of preliminary Commissioning Plan to PAC Jan 2010: Commissioning Task Force to develop the assumptions document into commissioning planning document Feb 2010: Presentation of updated Commissioning Planning at DOE Review May 2010: AS workshop with sessions on commissioning involving between all stake holders of AS Jun 2010: Series of planning meetings between each subsystem group and controls group to update requirements on controls for testing, commissioning and operations Sep 2010 As hoc taskforce on data and documents needed for commissioning Oct 2010 Presentation of commissioning plan to ASAC Dec 2010 Assigning a LINAC commissioning coordinator (R. Fliller) and forming a LINAC commissioning taskforce consisting of accelerator physicists, operators, ES&H group Jan 2011 Accelerator Physics submits a requirement document on magnet data needed for commissioning and operation

4. Commissioning • particular mode of accelerator operation with beam aiming: • test the function of accelerator hardware and software with beam, • verify in particular the proper functioning of the equipment protection system, • verify the adequacy of radiation safety shielding, area radiation monitoring, ALARA system to minimize radiation • check the integrity and the consistency of the subsystems as built • develop refined settings of the hardware components to allow efficient injection, and storage of accelerator beams with good stability, beam intensity, • the advertised beam parameters, and good beam lifetime. • condition accelerator hardware for optimum performance (vacuum, RF) • develop and document the procedures which are necessary to operate the accelerator routinely and to perform continuous improvement and development.

5. Commissioning Schedule

6. LINAC Commissioning LINAC Milestones Apr 2010 Contract Award Jul 2010 Preliminary Design Review Nov 2010 Final Design Review Apr 2011 LINAC Frontend Delivery May 2010 Start Frontend commissioning (radiation device, no ARR) Sep 2011 Start LINAC delivery Oct 2011 Start LINAC Installation Jan 2012 Start LINAC Commissioning

7. Authorization Basis Schedulefor Linac Commissioning Major Milestones • Feb 10 Distribute draft SAD and ASE to NSLS-II staff for comment • Feb 24 Conduct review meeting to discuss comment • Mar 17 Distribute revised SAD/ASE to LESHC • May 1 Complete LESHC Review • May 24 Complete Review and approval by Lab DDO • Jun 15 Submit to DOE BHSO • Jul 1 Appoint AAR team (DDO) • Jul 13 Obtain DOE approval for Commissioning Linac • Aug’11 ARR Team begins tracking of Linac commissioning status • Nov’11 ARR team conducts formal review • Jan’12 Following resolution of comments, Linac receives permission to begin commissioning

8. Commissioning Stages LINAC Frontend (gun pre-buncher) early delivery, commissioning and early tests by NSLS-II staff in RF Lab, Special bunch-modes LINAC commissioning by the vendor (responsible) LtBTL (LINAC building part ) commissioned by NSLS-II-Staff , primary + secondary beam dump Booster LBTL commissioning by NSLS-II staff in parallel to booster integrated testing Booster commissioning by vendor (vendor’s responsibility), participation of NSLS-II staff BSTL (part in booster tunnel) performed by NSLS-II staff with project responsibility Storage Ring Commissioning Phase 1 (without ID) BSTL commissioning and injection set up ; the storage ring beam optics; adequacy of correction systems; adequacy of safety and ALARA systems; efficient injection; adequacy of beam instrumentation; orbital stability; RF set up and stability; RF conditioning; cryogenic stability; beam stability; vacuum integrity and conditioning; high intensity operations Storage Ring Commissioning Phase 2 Integrate Insertion devices

9. Assumptions on Conditions • accelerator tunnel air conditioned; tunnel temperature, humidity within specified range. • final survey and alignment shortly before start commissioning (ground settling) • heavy duty construction activities completed • global utilities available: electrical, de-ionized water, chilled water, and liquid N2 • (CF deliverables) • installation of girders and magnets completed ~1/2 year start of commissioning. • cable conduits and openings in the tunnel walls will be properly closed and shielded

10. SR Subsystem Status at Commissioning • integrated testing complete • Injectors and transfer lines commissioned • personal safety system and interfaces thoroughly tested • equipment protection system is fully implemented and tested via the control system. • magnets systems installed well before commissioning, • precision alignment shortly before commissioning • insertion devices will not be installed • power supply systems are complete, technical interlocks have been properly tested • vacuum system has a vacuum of at least 10-7 mbar • two sc RF cavities installed driven by a single 310kW transmitter station. • full suite of beam diagnostics is installed and tested • water cooling systems have been installed tested • timing system implemented • control system is fully implemented • relational database is fully functional • all application programs deemed necessary for commissioning available • injection systems have been installed and tested • fast orbit feedback has been implemented • transverse feedback damper system installed and tested

11. Radiation Safety during Commissioning • radiation protection systems installed and fully tested, no provisory solutions allowed, no exception possible. • initial beam intensity very small compared to nominal (0.1%). • area monitors readings low intensity will be extrapolated to the next step in beam intensity. • extrapolation is reviewed and analyzed at each level of intensity before the next step in intensity is made. • initial high intensity studies: assume losses e much larger than under optimized normal conditions may need special (temporary controlled radiation areas) • beam containment system needs to be tested with beam, location of beam losses identified, beam is lost dominantly in the extra shielded confirmed • clear and unambiguous procedures operating staff needs to be trained to follow these procedures before operations with continuous injection of high charge (top-off, high intensity operation) can proceed.

12. Storage Ring Commissioning Modules COMMSIONING PART I Establish Initial Beam Operation, 5 moduls Check out Beam Instrumentation 4 moduls Check out Safety Functions 3modules Fine tuning of Beam Optics 7modules Functionality Tests 1moduls Fine Tuning of Orbit and Emittance 3modules Synchrotron Radiation Measurements 4mod. High Intensity Studies 10 modules COMMSIONING PART II Safety Related Measurements 2 modules ID Integration 8 x 7 modules Preparation of User Operation 3 modules 70 commissioning modules Each needs ~4 shifts on average ~300 shifts 100 days Operational efficiency is assumed 50%  Need 200 days of commissioning

13. Storage Ring Commissioning Part I Establish Initial Beam Operation Obtain stored beam Adjust and verify RF parameters first Orbit Correction first iteration of correcting chromaticity and coupling first iteration of obtaining acceptable injection efficiency Check out Beam Instrumentation establish beam monitor calibration with local bumps checking intensity monitors checking out loss monitors checking out emittance monitors Check out Safety Functions Checkout top-off safety functions Check-out machine protection system Check out BCS and ALARA functionality Fine tuning of Beam Optics Beam Optics Checks and correction (Response matrix, phase advance, coupling measurements) Beam based alignment measurement of chromatic distortions and correction nonlinear dynamics related measurements and corrections (D.A., amplitude dependent tune shift, width of resonances, higher order chromaticity) measure 1st and 2nd order momentum compaction factor measure damping distribution Functionality Tests Fast orbit feed-back test Fine Tuning of Orbit and Emittance Orbit correction to micron level dispersion free steering and orbit correction vertical emittance tuning Synchrotron Radiation Measurements Measurement of power deposition s and power load check of temperature monitor system check of vacuum interlock check of assumptions on absorber and mask temperatures, monitoring and cooling High Intensity Studies Set up of high efficient injection Set-up of RF feedback and fine tuning of feedback parameters and LLRF Single Bunch Intensity Limit measurements bunch lengthening by 3rd harmonic cavity beam lifetime vs bunch length and bunch intensity study BCS and ALARA studies with high intensity Vacuum conditioning beam RF conditioning with beam transverse damper test Study of high multi-bunch intensity limitations

14. Commissioning Staffing • commissioning will be organized in 3 8hr shifts per day and seven days per week. • commissioning labor budgeted within the project • commissioning requires operation of already commissioned subsystem • (injectors, cryogenics, utilities) • commissioning requires the involvement of all accelerator physicists (budgeted) , • subsystem experts (budgeted) and operators • workload of off-hour shifts will be shared between all high level staff • engineers and technicians on call during commissioning • control room manned with 1 accelerator physicist ~33 weeks. @ 16000 hr (budgeted) • involvement of engineers less regular, will depend on the commissioning program • initially, one machine operator present every shift • will gradually develop into a mode with 2 operators and no accelerator physicists • present NSLS controls group will develop to take over NSLS-II operations starting • in 2012 with operating the LINAC

15. Commissioning Information and Documentation • semi-formal meetings of 15 min at shift change ( coming and going shift crews) • seamless transition from one shift to the next, communicate and discuss fine-tuning of program. • 3 shifts per day and thus there will be three such meetings. • weekly commissioning meeting will summarize the commissioning results. • opportunity to optimize the commissioning program and direction. • weekly commissioning meetings will be documented including all material presented. • commissioning carried out in modules (ca 200) each requires written plan: • the purpose, • the goal, • supporting documents, • results of calculations necessary to carry out the module • estimate on the needed machine time • labor resources required. • results of each module will be documented • raw data will be stored in an organized and accessible way • evaluation, resulting set-points, procedures, parameters will be documented • commissioning report will be published at the end of commissioning

16. Example for Searchable Data Base for Magnet Properties • Needed for: Trend Analysis-Magnet Acceptance • Lattice Modeling • Operation • Data to be stored in IRMIS Data Base and accessed by high level controls applications • Conditioning cycle (Imin, Imax, number of cycles), hysteresis information for each magnet type • Data on individual magnets: • Transverse Integrated nominal field component vs. Operating Current, • Longitudinal Field Profile: nominal field component vs. Operating Current • Dipole Field Maps, 11 vertical planes, 5 horizontal planes, 25 transverse planes • Effective Length vs Operating Current • Integrated Higher-order multipoles vs Operating Current • Correctors: x / y / skew quad calibration constants as function of excitation • Integrated field as function of mode of operation • Dipole correction circuit calibration and hysteresis at full field • Survey data: magnet displacement and roll as installed on girder • Girder survey data as installed • Survey data of magnets in ring (plans is to derive values from wire meas.+ girder survey)

17. Applications needed for Commissioning • Utility Control • tunnel temperature and humidity monitor • mechanical utilities status and control • electrical utilities status and controls • equipment enclosure monitor • water cooling system display • controls network monitor • Accelerator physics applications • static orbit corrections, first turn steering, • chromatic correction, • response matrix measurements, • phase advance measurements, • beam base alignment measurement, • bpm test programs, • beam optics measurement, • beam based alignment of sextupoles, • analysis on nonlinearities • dispersion measurement and correction, • closed Orbit bump page Major Subsystem Control Power supply page RF monitor and control Vacuum display and control Cryogenics system display and control pulsed magnet monitor and control injection element display and control Insertion device control Front-end control and status Beam Diagnostics Beam Orbit page with Beam current history and lifetime bunch intensity display and history beam emittance display Timing system display and control Synchronization system displ & contr Tune display and control Temperature monitoring display Safety Systems personal protection system status equipment protection display and control beam containment display and control top-off status monitor Operation Software overall status page status, alarm and warning monitor permit system monitor and control data logger and data display electronic logbook Operations Software accelerator store/restore Injection Control power supply control RF control fast orbit feedback control fast transverse damper control front-end monitoring and control machine protection displ &contr magnet temp. interlock dspl & contr scraper and collimators system turn-on, system shutdown Work on LINAC & Booster Applications started

18. Accelerator Control Room during Commissioning • accelerator control room is the location where: • operators operate the accelerator • operators coordinate with technical staff about technical difficulties and interventions • accelerator experiment are carried out • a logbook on accelerator operations is kept and maintained, • information in case of an emergency is to be obtained and such information will be delivered to • an access point is established which manned 24hr a day 7 days a week • day-to-day coordination between accelerator and experimental floor are exchanged, • shift-change briefing meetings are held, • first hand information on the status of the accelerator is available • the responsibility for operating the accelerator safely within the safety regulations resides • routine safety measures are coordinated (LOTO) • preparation of the accelerator for operations is coordinated after an interruption • computer provide an optimized selection of delays for quick overview of accelerator status • an emergency stop button and other special installation (LAN, site-wide audio) are installed • functionality very different between commissioning and operation • at commissioning assumed that the control room is close to the accelerator hardware • control room LAN is accessible from the accelerator tunnel and from the mezzanine.

19. Commissioning Budget Commissioning labor adequately budgeted Has not been updated since CD2  Need to pull forward commissioning resources to start storage ring commissioning in FY13

20. Planning for Early Operations During Commissioning • Complete systems needed for Booster Commissioning: LINAC, LtBTL, Injector Mech/Electr. Utilities • Complete systems needed for Storage Ring Commiss.: LINAC, Booster (incl. all subsystems), Transfer-lines, M/E Utilities, Cryo-System, Lq. N2 system, Labor needs to perform operations & maintenance of completed systems

21. Schedule Mitigation Plans • Superconducting RF is a schedule item with high technical, thus schedule risk: Alternative plan/fall back position for commissioning being developed: install 2nd booster cavity (PETRA 7-cell) install sc cavities in the 2 months shutdown planned for installation of insertion devices. this also would have the advantage to avoid contamination of superconducting cavity by poor early vacuum conditions. Status: detailed plans under development • Alternative Commissioning Schedule • Installation and Integrated testing is now performed in parallel, pentant by pentant • This offers the possibility to inject beam into pentant 1,2,3,4,5 (no circulation) • Beam operation at night or on week ends envisioned • Check out BPM system • Magnet system, power supply systems, calibration, etc • Check beam optics • Check orbit correction • This could be a major time saver in case there are unexpected or hidden problems which could be solved in parallel to installation and integrated testing Status: This was just proposed and the implications are being explored and discussed.

22. Summary • Detailed plans for commissioning have been developed in FY10/FY11 • Assumptions for various commissioning phases have been well defined. • Commissioning activities are well understood. • Requirements such as staffing, documentations, data base, applications, and control room are well developed and planned accordingly. • A near term commissioning schedule has been updated and the overall commissioning schedule will be kept current as progresses made. • Commissioning budget in the current baseline will be updated • Schedule risks for commissioning period are well understood and mitigation plans are actively explored. • Accelerator Systems will be ready for commissioning